Immune responses to commensal and environmental microbes Journal Article
| Author: | Pamer, E. G. |
| Article Title: | Immune responses to commensal and environmental microbes |
| Abstract: | The mammalian immune system discriminates among microbes, inactivating pathogens while tolerating colonization by commensal organisms. Calibrating immune responses to microbes on this basis, however, is complex, as microbial virulence is often context dependent, being influenced by the host's immune status and the microbial milieu. Many microbial pathogens infecting immunocompromised hosts, for example, are innocuous in immune-competent individuals, and other microbes cause disease only when the commensal flora is compromised by antibiotic therapy. Recent studies have begun to reveal how the immune system tips the balance in favor of some microbes, allowing commensals to persist on mucosal surfaces while eliminating disease-causing pathogens. |
| Keywords: | antibiotic agent; review; nonhuman; polymerase chain reaction; antigen expression; animals; gene expression; dendritic cell; molecular cloning; lymphocyte differentiation; bacterial protein; antibiotic resistance; immune response; antigen specificity; cd4+ t lymphocyte; stomach cancer; colitis; innate immunity; probiotic agent; bacterial colonization; adaptive immunity; intestine flora; retinoic acid; toll like receptor 2; lung aspergillosis; respiratory mucosa; immunocompetence; host pathogen interaction; upper respiratory tract infection; commensal; bacteria; gastritis; gram positive bacterium; microflora; intestinal mucosa; helicobacter infection; chemokine receptor ccr9; dna 16s; cd103 antigen; bacterial polysaccharide; symbiosis; ribosome dna; immunity, natural; gram negative bacterium; immunity, mucosal; alpha defensin; intestine epithelium |
| Journal Title: | Nature Immunology |
| Volume: | 8 |
| Issue: | 11 |
| ISSN: | 1529-2908 |
| Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
| Date Published: | 2007-11-01 |
| Start Page: | 1173 |
| End Page: | 1178 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1038/ni1526 |
| PUBMED: | 17952042 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Cited By (since 1996): 62" - "Export Date: 17 November 2011" - "CODEN: NIAMC" - "Source: Scopus" |
