Polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of melanoma: A Mendelian randomisation analysis Journal Article


Authors: Liyanage, U. E.; Law, M. H.; Ong, J. S.; Cust, A. E.; Mann, G. J.; Ward, S. V.; Melanoma Meta-Analysis Consortium; Gharahkhani, P.; Iles, M. M.; MacGregor, S.
Article Title: Polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of melanoma: A Mendelian randomisation analysis
Abstract: Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, mainly affecting populations of European ancestry. Some observational studies suggest that particular diets reduce melanoma risk, putatively through an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption. However, interpretation of these observational findings is difficult due to residual confounding or reverse causality. To date, a randomized controlled trial has not been carried out to examine the relationship between PUFAs and melanoma. Hence, we performed a Mendelian randomisation (MR) study to evaluate the link between PUFAs and melanoma. To perform MR, we used summary results from the largest risk genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of melanoma, consisting of 12,874 cases and 23,203 controls. As instrumental variables we selected SNPs associated with PUFA levels from a GWAS meta-analysis of PUFA levels, from the CHARGE consortium. We used the inverse variance weighted method to estimate a causal odds ratio. To aid interpretation, we established a benchmark “large” predicted change in PUFAs in which, for example, an increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DPA) of 0.17 units (equal to 1 standard deviation) moves a person from the 17th percentile to the median. Raising PUFA levels by a large amount (increasing DPA by 0.17 units) only negligibly changed melanoma risk: odds ratio [OR] = 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96–1.10). Other PUFAs yielded similar results as DPA. Our MR analysis suggests that the effect of PUFA levels on melanoma risk is either zero or very small. © 2018 UICC
Keywords: melanoma; polyunsaturated fatty acids; mendelian randomisation; n-3 fatty acids; n-6 fatty acids
Journal Title: International Journal of Cancer
Volume: 143
Issue: 3
ISSN: 0020-7136
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons  
Date Published: 2018-08-01
Start Page: 508
End Page: 514
Language: English
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31334
PROVIDER: scopus
PUBMED: 29473154
DOI/URL:
Notes: Article -- Export Date: 2 July 2018 -- Source: Scopus
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  1. Sarah Vivianne Ward
    12 Ward