Dietary omega-3 fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium: An individual-participant meta-analysis Journal Article
| Authors: | Brasky, T. M.; Hade, E. M.; Cohn, D. E.; Newton, A. M.; Petruzella, S.; O'Connell, K.; Bertrand, K. A.; Cook, L. S.; De Vivo, I.; Du, M.; Freudenheim, J. L.; Friedenreich, C. M.; Goodman, M. T.; Gorzelitz, J.; Ibiebele, T. I.; Krogh, V.; Liao, L. M.; Lipworth, L.; Lu, L.; McCann, S.; O'Mara, T. A.; Palmer, J. R.; Ponte, J.; Prizment, A.; Risch, H.; Sandin, S.; Schouten, L. J.; Setiawan, V. W.; Shu, X. O.; Trabert, B.; van den Brandt, P. A.; Webb, P. M.; Wentzensen, N.; Wilkens, L. R.; Wolk, A.; Yu, H.; Neuhouser, M. L. |
| Article Title: | Dietary omega-3 fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium: An individual-participant meta-analysis |
| Abstract: | Background: Limited data from prospective studies suggest that higher dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3PUFA), which hold anti-inflammatory properties, may reduce endometrial cancer risk; particularly among certain subgroups characterized by body mass and tumor pathology. Materials and methods: Data from 12 prospective cohort studies participating in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium were harmonized as nested case-control studies, including 7268 endometrial cancer cases and 26,133 controls. Habitual diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire, from which fatty acid intakes were estimated. Two-stage individual-participant data mixed effects meta-analysis estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) through logistic regression for associations between study-specific energy-adjusted quartiles of LCn3PUFA and endometrial cancer risk. Results: Women with the highest versus lowest estimated dietary intakes of docosahexaenoic acid, the most abundant LCn3PUFA in diet, had a 9% increased endometrial cancer risk (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01–1.19; P trend = 0.04). Similar elevated risks were observed for the summary measure of total LCn3PUFA (OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99–1.16; P trend = 0.06). Stratified by body mass index, higher intakes of LCn3PUFA were associated with 12–19% increased endometrial cancer risk among overweight/obese women and no increased risk among normal-weight women. Higher associations appeared restricted to White women. The results did not differ by cancer grade. Conclusion: Higher dietary intakes of LCn3PUFA are unlikely to reduce endometrial cancer incidence; rather, they may be associated with small to moderate increases in risk in some subgroups of women, particularly overweight/obese women. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. |
| Keywords: | controlled study; human tissue; aged; cancer risk; endometrial cancer; cancer grading; endometrium cancer; prospective study; cohort analysis; obesity; body mass; food frequency questionnaire; omega 3 fatty acid; dietary intake; arachidonic acid; fatty acid; meta analysis; uterine cancer; caucasian; docosahexaenoic acid; icosapentaenoic acid; linoleic acid; fat intake; polyunsaturated fatty acid; human; female; article; omega-3; polyunsaturated; docosapentaenoic acid |
| Journal Title: | Gynecologic Oncology |
| Volume: | 169 |
| ISSN: | 0090-8258 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Inc. |
| Date Published: | 2023-02-01 |
| Start Page: | 137 |
| End Page: | 146 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.10.015 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC10025515 |
| PUBMED: | 36934308 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Article -- MSK Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748) acknowledged in PDF -- Export Date: 1 March 2023 -- Source: Scopus |
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