Diet and survival after a diagnosis of ovarian cancer: A pooled analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium Journal Article
| Authors: | Nagle, C. M.; Ibiebele, T. I.; Na, R.; Bandera, E. V.; Cramer, D.; Doherty, J. A.; Giles, G. G.; Goodman, M. T.; Hanley, G. E.; Harris, H. R.; Jensen, A.; Kjaer, S. K.; Lee, A.; McGuire, V.; Milne, R. L.; Qin, B.; Richardson, J.; Sasamoto, N.; Schildkraut, J. M.; Sieh, W.; Terry, K. L.; Titus, L.; Trabert, B.; Wentzensen, N.; Wu, A. H.; Berchuck, A.; Pike, M. C.; Pearce, C. L.; Webb, P. M.; for the Multidisciplinary Ovarian Cancer Outcomes Group and Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium |
| Article Title: | Diet and survival after a diagnosis of ovarian cancer: A pooled analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium |
| Abstract: | Background: Prognosis after a diagnosis of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer is poor. Some studies have suggested modifiable behaviors, like diet, are associated with survival but the evidence is inconsistent. Objectives: This study aims to pool data from studies conducted around the world to evaluate the relationships among dietary indices, foods, and nutrients from food sources and survival after a diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods: This analysis from the Multidisciplinary Ovarian Cancer Outcomes Group within the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium included 13 studies with 7700 individuals with ovarian cancer, who completed food-frequency questionnaires regarding their prediagnosis diet. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations with overall survival were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Overall, there was no association between any of the 7 dietary indices (representing prediagnosis diet) evaluated and survival; however, associations differed by tumor stage. Although there were no consistent associations among those with advanced disease, among those with earlier stage (local/regional) disease, higher scores on the alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHR quartile 4 compared with 1 = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.87), Healthy Eating Index-2015 (aHR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.97), and alternate Mediterranean diet (aHR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.98) were associated with better survival. Better survival was also observed for individuals with early-stage disease who reported higher intakes of dietary components that contribute to the healthy diet indices (aHR for Q4 compared with Q1: vegetables 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.91), tomatoes (aHR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.91) and nuts and seeds (aHR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.92). In contrast, there were suggestions of worse survival with higher scores on 2 of the 3 inflammatory indices and higher intake of trans-fatty acids. Conclusions: Adherence to a more healthy, less-inflammatory diet may confer a survival benefit for individuals with early-stage ovarian cancer. © 2025 The Authors |
| Keywords: | survival; adult; cancer survival; aged; middle aged; major clinical study; overall survival; mortality; cancer staging; follow up; cancer diagnosis; caloric intake; ovarian cancer; ovarian neoplasms; ovary cancer; proportional hazards models; smoking; calcium; cause of death; diet; food frequency questionnaire; proportional hazards model; vitamin d; ovary tumor; diagnosis; iron; cholesterol; mediterranean diet; alpha tocopherol; ascorbic acid; lycopene; selenium; physical activity; plant seed; retinol; zinc; alcohol consumption; sodium; oral contraceptive agent; beta carotene; african american; caucasian; cyanocobalamin; hispanic; magnesium; foods; whole grain; asian; nicotinamide; tomato; nut; leafy vegetable; fat intake; saturated fatty acid; vegetable consumption; healthy diet; pyridoxine; galactose; polyunsaturated fatty acid; nutrients; thiamine; alcoholic beverage; charlson comorbidity index; humans; human; female; article; riboflavin; fruit consumption; legume; diet quality; trans fatty acid; people by smoking status; pantothenic acid; healthy eating index 2015; diet, healthy; alternative healthy eating index; potato; soy food |
| Journal Title: | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |
| Volume: | 121 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 0002-9165 |
| Publisher: | American Society for Nutrition |
| Date Published: | 2025-04-01 |
| Start Page: | 758 |
| End Page: | 768 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.02.004 |
| PUBMED: | 39921094 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC12002190 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | The MSK Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748) is acknowledged in the PDF -- Source: Scopus |
