| Abstract: |
With the emergence of the new field of molecular imaging, there is an increasing demand for development of sensitive and safe novel imaging agents that can be rapidly translated from small animal models into patients. Nuclear medicine and positron emission tomography (PET) techniques have the ability to detect and serially monitor a variety of biologic and pathophysiologic processes, usually with tracer quantities of radiolabeled peptides, drugs, and other molecules at doses free of pharmacologic side effects, unlike the current generation of intravenous agents required for magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) scanning. In this article, we will review a representative sampling of the wide array of radiopharmaceuticals developed specifically for nuclear medicine radionuclide imaging that have been approved for clinical use, and those in pre-clinical trials. We will also review the existing strategies used to select the appropriate biologic markers and targets for radionuclide labeling that have been employed in the development of novel radiotracers and the imaging of small animals with new microSPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) technologies. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
| Keywords: |
platelet derived growth factor; vasculotropin; review; squamous cell carcinoma; nonhuman; solid tumor; pathophysiology; positron emission tomography; technetium 99m; radiopharmaceuticals; neoplasms; biological marker; animals; unindexed drug; melanoma; apoptosis; protein protein interaction; inflammation; nerve tissue proteins; enzyme activity; molecular imaging; platelet derived growth factor receptor; angiogenesis; neovascularization, pathologic; somatomedin c receptor; hypoxia; scatter factor; lung small cell cancer; membrane glycoproteins; prostate tumor; tyrosine kinase receptor; radiopharmaceutical agent; receptors, estrogen; receptors, progesterone; nuclear medicine; receptor; tracer; radioisotope; molecular biology; estrogen receptor; progesterone receptor; single photon emission computer tomography; tumor vascularization; dopamine; receptor binding; small animal; tomography, emission-computed; cell adhesion molecule; somatostatin receptor; tomography, emission-computed, single-photon; receptors; molecular diagnostic techniques; receptors, dopamine; carbon 11; somatomedin b receptor; alpha5 integrin; membrane transport proteins; basic fibroblast growth factor; neurotransmitter release; annexin a5; neurotransmitter; dopamine transporter; iodine 123; dopamine 2 receptor; beta3 integrin; gaba agonists; microspect; humans; human; priority journal; n sec butyl 1 (2 chlorophenyl) n methyl 3 isoquinolinecarboxamide; receptors, somatostatin; 4 aminobutyric acid a receptor stimulating agent; benzodiazepine receptor stimulating agent; iomazenil; dopamine plasma membrane transport proteins
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