Unraveling the complex relationship between cancer immunity and autoimmunity: Lessons from melanoma and vitiligo Journal Article
| Authors: | Uchi, H.; Stan, R.; Turk, M. J.; Engelhorn, M. E.; Rizzuto, G. A.; Goldberg, S. M.; Wolchok, J. D.; Houghton, A. N. |
| Article Title: | Unraveling the complex relationship between cancer immunity and autoimmunity: Lessons from melanoma and vitiligo |
| Abstract: | A relationship between melanoma and vitiligo, a skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes, has been postulated for many decades. In some cases, vitiligo is almost certainly a manifestation of autoimmune-mediated destruction of melanocytes. Melanocytes and melanoma cells share melanocyte differentiation antigens. Based on a number of observations, de novo vitiligo developing in patients with melanoma has been regarded as a sign of good prognosis. The immune system tolerates or ignores differentiation antigens because these antigens are self-derived. Therefore, immune tolerance or ignorance must be overcome to prime naïve T and B cells to induce cancer immunity and autoimmunity against melanocyte differentiation antigens. Mouse models of concurrent melanoma and autoimmune vitiligo have revealed strategies to overcome immune ignorance or tolerance to melanocyte differentiation antigens: immunization with self-antigens as altered self (e.g., orthologues or mutated versions), expression in viral vectors, passive immunization with antibodies or T cells, incorporating potent adjuvants into active immunization, and blockade or removal of a downregulatory mechanism. Extensive investigations into the mechanisms that lead to tumor immunity and autoimmunity elicited by certain differentiation antigens have further revealed a variety of distinct cellular and molecular requirements, which are redundant and alternative. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Keywords: | cancer chemotherapy; unclassified drug; fludarabine; clinical trial; review; hepatitis; nonhuman; cd8+ t lymphocyte; tumor associated leukocyte; animals; glycoprotein gp 100; interleukin 2; melanoma; dendritic cell; granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor; cyclophosphamide; cell differentiation; tumor antigen; immunological tolerance; cancer testis antigen; melanoma antigen 1; ny eso 1 antigen; vaccination; autoantigens; tumor immunity; colitis; fc receptor; autoimmunity; dna vaccine; melan a; dermatitis; virus recombinant; cytotoxic t lymphocyte antigen 4; autoimmune diseases; beta catenin; autoantibodies; adoptive immunotherapy; t lymphocyte activation; cyclin dependent kinase 4; antigens, differentiation; virus vector; hypophysitis; vitiligo; passive immunization; dopachrome tautomerase; b lymphocyte activation; anti ctla4 mab; suppressor factor |
| Journal Title: | Advances in Immunology |
| Volume: | 90 |
| ISSN: | 0065-2776 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Inc. |
| Date Published: | 2006-01-01 |
| Start Page: | 215 |
| End Page: | 241 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/s0065-2776(06)90006-6 |
| PUBMED: | 16730265 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- Chapter in "Cancer Immunotherapy" (ISBN: 978-0-12-022489-0) - "Cited By (since 1996): 38" - "Export Date: 4 June 2012" - "CODEN: ADIMA" - "Source: Scopus" |
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