Growth factors stimulate anabolic metabolism by directing nutrient uptake Review


Authors: Thompson, C. B.; Bielska, A. A.
Review Title: Growth factors stimulate anabolic metabolism by directing nutrient uptake
Abstract: How cells utilize nutrients to produce the ATP needed for bioenergetic homeostasis has been well-characterized. What is less well-studied is how resting cells metabolically shift from an ATP-producing catabolic metabolism to a metabolism that supports anabolic growth. In metazoan organisms, the discovery of growth factors and the ability of their receptors to induce new transcription and translation led to the hypothesis that the bioenergetic and synthetic demands of cell growth were primarily met through the replacement of nutrients consumed during net macromolecular synthesis, a demand-based system of nutrient uptake. Recent data have challenged this hypothesis. Instead, there is increasing evidence that cellular nutrient uptake is a push system. Growth factor signaling has been linked to direct stimulation of nutrient uptake. The ability of growth factor signaling to increase the uptake of glucose, lipids, and amino acids to levels that exceed a cell's bioenergetic and synthetic needs has been documented in a wide variety of settings. In some tissues, this leads to the storage of the excess nutrients in the form of glycogen or fat. In others, the excess is secreted as lactate and certain nonessential amino acids. When growth factor signaling stimulates nutrient uptake to levels that exceed a cell's bioenergetic needs, adaptive changes in intermediate metabolism lead to the production of anabolic precursors that fuel the net synthesis of protein, lipids, and nucleic acids. Through the increased production of these precursors, growth factor signaling provides a supply-side stimulation of cell growth and proliferation.
Keywords: survival; cell growth; protein; tumors; proliferation; growth factor; cell metabolism; cell; size; cell-growth; absence; bioenergetics; aerobic glycolysis; cancer; maintains; exceeds
Journal Title: Journal of Biological Chemistry
Volume: 294
Issue: 47
ISSN: 0021-9258
Publisher: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology  
Date Published: 2019-11-22
Start Page: 17883
End Page: 17888
Language: English
ACCESSION: WOS:000504206800015
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.AW119.008146
PROVIDER: wos
PMCID: PMC6879345
PUBMED: 31628187
Notes: Review -- Source: Wos
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  1. Craig Bernie Thompson
    155 Thompson