Association of immune marker changes with progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma Journal Article

   

Authors:	Landgren, O.; Hofmann, J. N.; McShane, C. M.; Santo, L.; Hultcrantz, M.; Korde, N.; Mailankody, S.; Kazandjian, D.; Murata, K.; Thoren, K.; Ramanathan, L.; Dogan, A.; Rustad, E.; Lu, S. X.; Akhlaghi, T.; Kristinsson, S. Y.; Björkholm, M.; Devlin, S.; Purdue, M. P.; Pfeiffer, R. M.; Turesson, I.
Article Title:	Association of immune marker changes with progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma
Abstract:	Importance: Multiple myeloma is consistently preceded by monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Risk models that estimate the risk of progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma use data from a single time point, usually the initial workup. Objective: To longitudinally investigate the alterations of serum immune markers with stable vs progressive MGUS. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cross-sectional cohort study included 77469 adult participants aged 55 to 74 years in the screening arm of the National Cancer Institute Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial who had a diagnosis of progressing MGUS (n = 187) or stable MGUS (n = 498), including light-chain subtype, from November 1993, through December 2011. For each participant, all available serially stored prediagnostic serum samples (N = 3266) were obtained. Data analysis was performed from April 2018, to December 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures: Serum protein and monoclonal immunoglobulin levels, serum free light chains, and serum light chains within each immunoglobulin class were measured. Results: Of 685 individuals included in the study, 461 (67.3%) were men; the mean (SD) age was 69.1 (5.6) years. In cross-sectional modeling, risk factors associated with progressive MGUS were IgA isotype (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.80; 95% CI, 1.03-3.13; P =.04), 15 g/L or more monoclonal spike (adjusted OR, 23.5; 95% CI, 8.9-61.9; P <.001), skewed (<0.1 or >10) serum free light chains ratio (adjusted OR, 46.4; 95% CI, 18.4-117.0; P <.001), and severe immunoparesis (≥2 suppressed uninvolved immunoglobulins) (adjusted OR, 19.1; 95% Cl, 7.5-48.3; P <.001). Risk factors associated with progressive light-chain MGUS were skewed serum free light chains ratio (adjusted OR, 44.0; 95% CI, 14.2-136.3; P <.001) and severe immunoparesis (adjusted OR, 48.6; 95% CI, 9.5-248.2; P <.001). In longitudinal analysis of participants with serial samples prior to progression, 23 of 43 participants (53%) had high-risk MGUS before progression; 16 of these 23 (70%) experienced conversion from low-risk or intermediate-risk MGUS within 5 years. Similar results were found for light-chain MGUS. Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of evolving risk patterns support annual blood testing and risk assessment for patients with MGUS or light-chain MGUS.. © 2019 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Journal Title:	JAMA Oncology
Volume:	5
Issue:	9
ISSN:	2374-2437
Publisher:	American Medical Association
Date Published:	2019-09-01
Start Page:	1293
End Page:	1301
Language:	English
DOI:	10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.1568
PUBMED:	31318385
PROVIDER:	scopus
PMCID:	PMC6646992
DOI/URL:	https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85069519484&doi=10.1001%2fjamaoncol.2019.1568&partnerID=40&md5=45d1a1fc9ba2e0bbfca7b1d52ea9fa61
Notes:	Article -- Export Date: 1 October 2019 -- Source: Scopus

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