Azithromycin, rifabutin, and rifapentine for treatment and prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex in rats treated with cyclosporine Journal Article
| Authors: | Brown, S. T.; Edwards, F. F.; Bernard, E. M.; Tong, W.; Armstrong, D. |
| Article Title: | Azithromycin, rifabutin, and rifapentine for treatment and prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex in rats treated with cyclosporine |
| Abstract: | Azithromycin, rifabutin, and rifapentine were used to treat or prevent disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections produced in rats immunosuppressed with cyclosporine. Animals with bacteremic infections were treated 1 week after intravenous inoculation with 107 CFU of MAC with azithromycin, 100 mg/kg of body weight administered subcutaneously for 5 days and then 75 mg/kg on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, or with rifabutin or rifapentine, 20 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally on Monday through Friday. All three drugs showed efficacy after 1 and 2 months. Rifabutin cleared the organisms from tissues more rapidly than azithromycin or rifapentine. To approximate prophylaxis, treatment was started 2 weeks before intravenous inoculation with 104 organisms. MAC infections were undetectable in treated animals after 4 months, while control animals had disseminated infections. These findings support the rationale for clinical trials of treatment and prophylaxis with these agents. The cyclosporine-treated rat appears to be a useful model in which to evaluate compounds for the treatment and prophylaxis of disseminated MAC infections. |
| Keywords: | controlled study; drug efficacy; nonhuman; animal tissue; chemoprophylaxis; animal experiment; animal model; rat; drug tissue level; bacteremia; immunosuppressive treatment; azithromycin; cyclosporin; mycobacteriosis; rifabutin; rifapentine; colony forming unit; intraperitoneal drug administration; subcutaneous drug administration; male; priority journal; article; mycobacterium intracellulare avium |
| Journal Title: | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy |
| Volume: | 37 |
| Issue: | 3 |
| ISSN: | 0066-4804 |
| Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology |
| Date Published: | 1993-03-01 |
| Start Page: | 398 |
| End Page: | 402 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1128/aac.37.3.398 |
| PUBMED: | 8384809 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC187683 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Source: Scopus |
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