Abstract: |
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney and the third most common urologic cancer, with approximately 18,000 cases occurring annually in the United States [1]. Since the onset of symptoms frequently occurs late and clinical signs may vary considerably, correct diagnosis is often established only when the disease is advanced. In fact, at initial presentation approximately 50% of patients already have metastatic disease [2-4]. The median duration of survival in patients with overt distant disease at presentation is 10 months with a 10% 2 year survival. There is no effective systemic therapy, since renal cancer has proven refractory to chemotherapy. There are, however, recent preliminary reports of responses to immunotherapy [5] that need to be pursued. © 1990 by MARCEL DEKKER, INC. All Rights Reserved. |