Abstract: |
As described in detail in the previous chapters, confocal reflectance microscopy has demonstrated the ability to provide images of in vivo or unprocessed ex vivo tissue with sufficient cellular and morphological information to enable the diagnosis of a broad range of dermatological conditions. In many ways, confocal reflectance microscopy provides to clinical dermatology what medical ultrasound did for radiology: a real-time diagnostic imaging modality available in the clinic at the time of care. Although confocal reflectance microscopy and ultrasound operate at different tissue resolutions and imaging depths, there are many analogies between these two modalities. Like ultrasound, a trained observer interprets the image information to make a diagnosis and determine the next steps in care. Tissue information is typically presented as gray scale images. Real-time information can be recorded in cross-sectional image stacks or movies. Examinations can be interpreted in real time or stored and reviewed later or remotely. Like ultrasound, the clinical ergonomics of the reflectance confocal microscope can limit its clinical application and frequency of use. Finally, just as in the case of ultrasound systems, the underlying physics and technology of clinical reflectance confocal microscopes will evolve and improve. In this section we will discuss the progress in development of reflectance confocal microscopy to: (1) enhance clinical ergonomics, (2) improve image fidelity, (3) increase image specificity, and (4) provide for deeper imaging. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012. |