Patterns of lymphatic metastases in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and proposed dissection templates Journal Article


Authors: Matin, S. F.; Sfakianos, J. P.; Espiritu, P. N.; Coleman, J. A.; Spiess, P. E.
Article Title: Patterns of lymphatic metastases in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and proposed dissection templates
Abstract: Purpose Information on patterns of lymph node metastases for upper tract urothelial carcinoma is sparse. We investigated patterns of lymph node metastases in upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective multi-institutional study of 73 patients with N+M0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma who underwent template lymphadenectomy during nephroureterectomy. Anatomical locations of tumor, and number of lymph nodes removed and positive lymph nodes were analyzed and descriptive statistics were performed. Results On the right side the 20 renal pelvis tumors had lymph node metastases to the hilum in 22.1% of cases, and to paracaval, retrocaval and interaortocaval regions in 44.1%, 10.3% and 20.6%, respectively. The 10 proximal ureter tumors had lymph node metastases to the hilum in 46.2% of cases, and to paracaval and retrocaval regions in 46.2% and 7.7%, respectively. The 2 distal ureter tumors had lymph node metastases equally to the paracaval and pelvic regions. On the left side the 24 renal pelvis tumors had lymph node metastases to the hilum region in 50.0% of cases and to the para-aortic region in 30.0%. The 8 proximal ureter tumors had lymph node metastases to the hilum region in 36.4% of cases and the para-aortic region in 63.6%. The 5 mid ureter tumors had lymph node metastases to the para-aortic, common iliac and internal iliac regions in 40%, 40% and 20% of cases, respectively. The 4 distal ureter tumors had lymph node metastases to the para-aortic, common iliac, external iliac and internal iliac regions in 33.3%, 33.3%, 16.7% and 16.7% of cases, respectively. Interaortocaval involvement from both sides as well as out of field lymph node metastases appeared to occur secondarily. Consolidated templates were constructed based on the available data. Conclusions Upper tract urothelial carcinoma has characteristic patterns of lymph node metastases depending on the side and anatomical location of the primary tumor, including right-to-left migration and involvement of interaortocaval nodes in the setting of proximal disease. Standardized dissection templates should be prospectively evaluated in multicenter trials to assess morbidity and potential clinical benefit. © 2015 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.
Keywords: adult; cancer chemotherapy; human tissue; aged; cancer surgery; major clinical study; cancer patient; cancer staging; lymph node metastasis; lymph node dissection; lymph nodes; dissection; medical record review; retrospective study; kidney neoplasms; cystectomy; nephroureterectomy; neoplasm metastasis; disease free interval; ureteral neoplasms; transitional cell carcinoma; ureter tumor; medical history; kidney pelvis tumor; human; male; female; priority journal; article
Journal Title: Journal of Urology
Volume: 194
Issue: 6
ISSN: 0022-5347
Publisher: Elsevier Science, Inc.  
Date Published: 2015-12-01
Start Page: 1567
End Page: 1574
Language: English
DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.077
PROVIDER: scopus
PUBMED: 26094807
PMCID: PMC4896731
DOI/URL:
Notes: Export Date: 2 December 2015 -- Source: Scopus
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  1. Jonathan Coleman
    314 Coleman