Abstract: |
(from the chapter) The intent of this chapter is to provide nurses with a basic overview of the principles of pain assessment and pharmacological management at end of life. The needs of special populations who have been identified as "at risk" for inadequate pain control are highlighted, including those who are elderly, those who are children, those who are communication impaired, and those with a history of substance abuse. These tend to be patients "without a voice" or whose voice is not heard, not respected, or not believed. Sometimes there is a mismatch between the normative values of the patient and the health care provider. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved). |