Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench modulates human T-cell cytokine response Journal Article
| Authors: | Fonseca, F. N.; Papanicolaou, G.; Lin, H.; Lau, C. B. S.; Kennelly, E. J.; Cassileth, B. R.; Cunningham Rundles, S. |
| Article Title: | Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench modulates human T-cell cytokine response |
| Abstract: | The study objective was to evaluate the composition of a neutral and weakly acidic water-soluble extract from Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (EchNWA) previously shown to modify murine influenza infection, and to assess immunomodulatory effects on human T-cells. EchNWA extract from fresh aerial parts was extracted with water, ethanolic precipitation, and size-exclusion chromatography. The chemical profile of EchNWA was characterized by chromatography (size-exclusion, HPLC, GC-MS), and small molecule fingerprint analysis performed by HPLC-PDA. Jurkat T-cells at high and low cell density were pretreated or not with doses of EchNWA, followed by activation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus ionomycin (PMA+I). Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma (IFNg) cytokine secretions were measured by multi-cytokine luminex technology. Results showed that EchNWA contains 80% polysaccharides, predominantly a 10 kDa entity; phenolic compounds, cynarin, cichoric and caftaric acids, but no detectable alkylamides. Cytokine production required stimulation and was lower after PMA+I activation in high-density compared to low-density conditions. EchNWA mediated a strong dose-dependent enhancement of high-density T-cell production of IL-2 and IFNg response to PMA+I. EchNWA alone did not stimulate T-cells. EchNWA enhanced mean fluorescence intensity of IL-2 in Jurkat T-cells activated by PMA+1 or ionomycin alone. Conversely EchNWA mediated modest but significant suppression of IFNg response and reduced the percentage of CD25+ T-cells under low-density conditions. Conclusions are that EchNWA polysaccharides, but not phenolic compounds have dose-related adjuvant effects on human T-cell cytokine responses characterized by enhancing and suppressive effects that are regulated by T-cell density. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. |
| Keywords: | echinacea; immune modulation; cytokine response; human t-cell density; neutral and weakly acidic water-soluble extract; polysaccharides and phenolic compounds; small molecule fingerprint-analysis |
| Journal Title: | International Immunopharmacology |
| Volume: | 19 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| ISSN: | 1567-5769 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Science, Inc. |
| Date Published: | 2014-03-01 |
| Start Page: | 94 |
| End Page: | 102 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.12.019 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PUBMED: | 24434371 |
| PMCID: | PMC4140398 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Export Date: 3 March 2014 -- CODEN: IINMB -- Source: Scopus |
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