Increased levels of urinary PGE-M, a biomarker of inflammation, occur in association with obesity, aging, and lung metastases in patients with breast cancer Journal Article
| Authors: | Morris, P. G.; Zhou, X. K.; Milne, G. L.; Goldstein, D.; Hawks, L. C.; Dang, C. T.; Modi, S.; Fornier, M. N.; Hudis, C. A.; Dannenberg, A. J. |
| Article Title: | Increased levels of urinary PGE-M, a biomarker of inflammation, occur in association with obesity, aging, and lung metastases in patients with breast cancer |
| Abstract: | Elevated levels of COX-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE 2) occur in inflamed tissues. To evaluate the potential links between inflammation and breast cancer, levels of urinary prostaglandin E metabolite (PGEM), a stable end metabolite of PGE2, were quantified. We enrolled 400 patients with breast cancer: controls with early breast cancer (n = 200), lung metastases (n = 100), and metastases to other sites (n = 100). Patients completed a questionnaire, provided urine, and had measurements of height and weight. Urinary PGE-M was quantified by mass spectrometry. Ever smokers with lung metastasis who had not been exposed to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) had the highest PGE-M levels. PGE-M levels were increased in association with elevated body mass index (BMI; P < 0.001), aging (P < 0.001), pack-year smoking history (P = 0.02), lung metastases (P = 0.02), and recent cytotoxic chemotherapy (P = 0.03). Conversely, use of NSAIDs, prototypic inhibitors of COX activity, was associated with reduced PGE-M levels (P<0.001). On the basis of the current findings, PGE-M is likely to be a useful biomarker for the selection of high-risk subgroups to determine the use of interventions that aim to reduce inflammation and possibly the development and progression of breast cancer, especially in overweight and obese women. © 2013 AACR. |
| Journal Title: | Cancer Prevention Research |
| Volume: | 6 |
| Issue: | 5 |
| ISSN: | 1940-6207 |
| Publisher: | American Association for Cancer Research |
| Date Published: | 2013-05-01 |
| Start Page: | 428 |
| End Page: | 436 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0431 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC3752669 |
| PUBMED: | 23531446 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Export Date: 3 June 2013" - "Source: Scopus" |
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