Levels of prostaglandin E metabolite, the major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin E2, are increased in smokers Journal Article
| Authors: | Gross, N. D.; Boyle, J. O.; Morrow, J. D.; Williams, M. K.; Moskowitz, C. S.; Subbaramaiah, K.; Dannenberg, A. J.; Duffield-Lillico, A. J. |
| Article Title: | Levels of prostaglandin E metabolite, the major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin E2, are increased in smokers |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2) have been observed in tobacco-related malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract. Moreover, exposure to tobacco smoke can stimulate the synthesis of PGE2. Recent evidence suggests that urinary PGE metabolite (PGE-M) can be used as an index of systemic PGE 2 production. In this study, we investigated whether levels of urinary PGE-M were increased in smokers and in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Experimental Design: Fifty-eight HNSCC cases and 29 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were prospectively enrolled in the study. A detailed smoking history and single void urine specimen were obtained from each participant. Levels of urinary PGE-M were quantified in a blinded fashion using mass spectrometry and compared with smoking history and tumor status. Results: Adjusted for case-control matching, median urinary PGE-M levels were significantly higher in ever smokers (15.7 ng/mg creatinine) compared with never smokers (9.9 ng/mg creatinine) for the entire study population (n = 87, P = 0.005). Concentrations of urinary PGE-M were nearly doubled in ever smokers (15.2 ng/mg creatinine) versus never smokers (7.8 ng/mg creatinine) among healthy controls (P = 0.001). Higher PGE-M levels were observed in current versus former smokers and in those with greater pack-year exposure. A significant difference in amounts of PGE-M was not observed in patients with HNSCC versus healthy controls. Conclusions: Increased levels of urinary PGE-M were observed in smokers. Urinary PGE-M may have use as a noninvasive biomarker of the effects of tobacco smoke exposure. © 2005 American Association for Cancer Research. |
| Keywords: | adult; controlled study; aged; aged, 80 and over; middle aged; unclassified drug; major clinical study; case-control studies; squamous cell carcinoma; carcinoma, squamous cell; mass spectrometry; biological marker; logistic models; tumor markers, biological; smoking; immune response; head and neck neoplasms; prostaglandins; prostaglandin e2; urine level; prostaglandins e; head and neck carcinoma; prostaglandin synthesis; dinoprostone; exposure; tobacco smoke; prostaglandin e metabolite; prostaglandin metabolism |
| Journal Title: | Clinical Cancer Research |
| Volume: | 11 |
| Issue: | 16 |
| ISSN: | 1078-0432 |
| Publisher: | American Association for Cancer Research |
| Date Published: | 2005-08-15 |
| Start Page: | 6087 |
| End Page: | 6093 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0733 |
| PUBMED: | 16115954 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC1939807 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Cited By (since 1996): 21" - "Export Date: 24 October 2012" - "CODEN: CCREF" - "Source: Scopus" |
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