Examining whether lung screening changes risk perceptions: National Lung Screening Trial participants at 1-year follow-up Journal Article


Authors: Park, E. R.; Gareen, I. F.; Jain, A.; Ostroff, J. S.; Duan, F.; Sicks, J. D.; Rakowski, W.; Diefenbach, M.; Rigotti, N. A.
Article Title: Examining whether lung screening changes risk perceptions: National Lung Screening Trial participants at 1-year follow-up
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) research team reported reduced lung cancer mortality among current and former smokers with a minimum 30 pack-year history who were screened with spiral computed tomography scans compared with chest x-rays. The objectives of the current study were to examine, at 1-year follow-up: 1) risk perceptions of lung cancer and smoking-related diseases and behavior change determinants, 2) whether changes in risk perceptions differed by baseline screening result; and 3) whether changes in risk perceptions affected smoking behavior. METHODS: A 25-item risk perception questionnaire was administered to a subset of participants at 8 American College of Radiology Imaging Network/NLST sites before initial and 1-year follow-up screens. Items assessed risk perceptions of lung cancer and smoking-related diseases, cognitive and emotional determinants of behavior change, and knowledge of smoking risks. RESULTS: Among 430 NLST participants (mean age, 61.0 years; 55.6% men; 91.9% white), half were current smokers at baseline. Overall, risk perceptions and associated cognitive and emotional determinants of behavior change did not change significantly from prescreen trial enrollment to 1-year follow-up and did not differ significantly by screening test result. Changes in risk perceptions were not associated with changes in smoking status (9.7% of participants quit, and 6.6% relapsed) at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Lung screening did not change participants' risk perceptions of lung cancer or smoking-related disease. A negative screening test, which was the most common screening result, did not appear to decrease risk perceptions nor provide false reassurance to smokers. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society. Overall, lung screening does not significantly change risk perceptions for lung cancer or smoking-related disease. The authors recommend that tobacco risk communication and cessation become an integral part of the lung screening process. Copyright © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Keywords: smoking; risk perception; lung screening
Journal Title: Cancer
Volume: 119
Issue: 7
ISSN: 0008-543X
Publisher: Wiley Blackwell  
Date Published: 2013-04-01
Start Page: 1306
End Page: 1313
Language: English
PROVIDER: scopus
PMCID: PMC3604047
PUBMED: 23280348
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.27925
DOI/URL:
Notes: --- - "Export Date: 1 May 2013" - "CODEN: CANCA" - ":doi 10.1002/cncr.27925" - "Source: Scopus"
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  1. Jamie S Ostroff
    344 Ostroff