Cholesterol and steroid synthesizing smooth endoplasmic reticulum of adrenocortical cells contains high levels of proteins associated with the translocation channel Journal Article
| Authors: | Black, V. H.; Sanjay, A.; Van Leyen, K.; Lauring, B.; Kreibich, G. |
| Article Title: | Cholesterol and steroid synthesizing smooth endoplasmic reticulum of adrenocortical cells contains high levels of proteins associated with the translocation channel |
| Abstract: | Steroid-secreting cells are characterized by abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum whose membranes contain many enzymes involved in sterol and steroid synthesis. Yet they have relatively little morphologically identifiable rough endoplasmic reticulum, presumably required for synthesis and maintenance of the smooth membranes. In this study, we demonstrate that adrenal smooth microsomal subfractions enriched in smooth endoplasmic reticulum membranes contain high levels of translocation apparatus and oligosaccharyltransferase complex proteins, previously thought confined to rough endoplasmic reticulum. We further demonstrate that these smooth microsomal subfractions are capable of effecting cotranslational translocation, signal peptide cleavage, and N-glycosylation of newly synthesized polypeptides. This shifts the paradigm for distinction between smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Confocal microscopy revealed the proteins to be distributed throughout the abundant tubular endoplasmic reticulum in these cells, which is predominantly smooth surfaced. We hypothesize that the broadly distributed translocon and oligosaccharyltransferase proteins participate in local synthesis and/or quality control of membrane proteins involved in cholesterol and steroid metabolism in a sterol-dependent and hormonally regulated manner. Copyright © 2005 by The Endocrine Society. |
| Keywords: | controlled study; carrier protein; nonhuman; protein function; protein localization; animal cell; animals; confocal microscopy; protein degradation; animal experiment; endoplasmic reticulum; signal peptide; glycosylation; organ specificity; cell fractionation; cholesterol; rats; rats, sprague-dawley; biological transport; adrenal cortex cell; ribosomes; oligosaccharide; intracellular membranes; adrenal cortex hormones; guinea pig; steroidogenesis; rough endoplasmic reticulum; guinea pigs; translocon; cholesterol synthesis; microsome; smooth endoplasmic reticulum; adrenal cortex; microsomes |
| Journal Title: | Endocrinology |
| Volume: | 146 |
| Issue: | 10 |
| ISSN: | 0013-7227 |
| Publisher: | Endocrine Society |
| Date Published: | 2005-10-01 |
| Start Page: | 4234 |
| End Page: | 4249 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1210/en.2005-0372 |
| PUBMED: | 15947003 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Cited By (since 1996): 6" - "Export Date: 24 October 2012" - "CODEN: ENDOA" - "Source: Scopus" |
