An overview of the laboratory diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia Review
| Authors: | Jaramillo Cartagena, A.; Asowata, O. E.; Ng, D.; Babady, N. E. |
| Review Title: | An overview of the laboratory diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia |
| Abstract: | Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) is a fungal pathogen associated with significant morbidity in immunocompromised patients, including both HIV- and non-HIV-infected patients. The nonspecific clinical and radiological presentation makes clinical diagnostic challenging, emphasizing the need for accurate laboratory diagnostic tests. However, P. jirovecii does not grow in routine culture media, which presents diagnostic challenges in the laboratory as well. Recent publications from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium continue to rely on direct detection of P. jirovecii organisms in tissues and respiratory samples to define proven P. jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) even as the sensitivity of these methods are lower. Novel, standardized methods are needed to improve the clinical and laboratory diagnosis and management of PCP. This minireview provides an overview of current diagnostic tests for PCP and emerging applications that aim at filling existing diagnostic gaps and providing more accurate and less invasive diagnoses for this significant disease. Copyright © 2025 Jaramillo Cartagena et al. |
| Keywords: | immunohistochemistry; controlled study; major clinical study; review; nonhuman; laboratory diagnosis; polymerase chain reaction; controlled clinical trial; culture medium; pneumocystis pneumonia; immunofluorescence; drug combination; diagnosis; diagnostic test; drug therapy; mycosis; immunocompromised patient; pcr; human immunodeficiency virus infected patient; pneumocystis; diagnostic kit; pneumocystis jiroveci; human; immunocompromised hosts; stains; immunofluorescent |
| Journal Title: | Journal of Clinical Microbiology |
| Volume: | 63 |
| Issue: | 3 |
| ISSN: | 0095-1137 |
| Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology |
| Date Published: | 2025-03-12 |
| Start Page: | e00361-24 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1128/jcm.00361-24 |
| PUBMED: | 39898657 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC11898755 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | The MSK Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748) is acknowledged in the PubMed record and PDF. Corresponding MSK author is N. Esther Babady -- Source: Scopus |
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