Shareable artificial intelligence to extract cancer outcomes from electronic health records for precision oncology research Journal Article
| Authors: | Kehl, K. L.; Jee, J.; Pichotta, K.; Paul, M. A.; Trukhanov, P.; Fong, C.; Waters, M.; Bakouny, Z.; Xu, W.; Choueiri, T. K.; Nichols, C.; Schrag, D.; Schultz, N. |
| Article Title: | Shareable artificial intelligence to extract cancer outcomes from electronic health records for precision oncology research |
| Abstract: | Databases that link molecular data to clinical outcomes can inform precision cancer research into novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers. However, outside of clinical trials, cancer outcomes are typically recorded only in text form within electronic health records (EHRs). Artificial intelligence (AI) models have been trained to extract outcomes from individual EHRs. However, patient privacy restrictions have historically precluded dissemination of these models beyond the centers at which they were trained. In this study, the vulnerability of text classification models trained directly on protected health information to membership inference attacks is confirmed. A teacher-student distillation approach is applied to develop shareable models for annotating outcomes from imaging reports and medical oncologist notes. ‘Teacher’ models trained on EHR data from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) are used to label imaging reports and discharge summaries from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV dataset. ‘Student’ models are trained to use these MIMIC documents to predict the labels assigned by teacher models and sent to Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) for evaluation. The student models exhibit high discrimination across outcomes in both the DFCI and MSK test sets. Leveraging private labeling of public datasets to distill publishable clinical AI models from academic centers could facilitate deployment of machine learning to accelerate precision oncology research. © The Author(s) 2024. |
| Keywords: | adult; aged; middle aged; medical oncologist; major clinical study; genetics; neoplasm; neoplasms; cohort analysis; oncology; cancer research; cancer center; medical information; artificial intelligence; diagnosis; medical oncology; therapy; caucasian; hispanic; personalized medicine; asian; data set; clinical outcome; electronic health records; procedures; precision; research work; machine learning; distillation; cancer prognosis; very elderly; cancer; humans; human; male; female; article; precision medicine; electronic health record; malignant neoplasm; personalized cancer therapy |
| Journal Title: | Nature Communications |
| Volume: | 15 |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
| Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
| Date Published: | 2024-11-12 |
| Start Page: | 9787 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-024-54071-x |
| PUBMED: | 39532885 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC11557593 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Article -- MSK Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748) acknowledged in PubMed and PDF -- Source: Scopus |
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