Abstract: |
Tumour Treating Fields (TTFields) is a novel anti-mitotic cancer treatment modality that works with specialised low-intensity (1–3V/cm) and intermediate frequency (100–300kHz) electric fields. For glioblastoma patients, TTFields is delivered non-invasively at 200kHz through two orthogonal pairs of transducer arrays placed on the shaved scalp. Tumour cells are disrupted during mitosis, with the specific frequency tuned for distinct cancer cell lines, whilst quiescent cells are not affected. This chapter covers a short introduction to the basics of electric fields including a description of the mechanisms of action of TTFields. Pre-clinical findings are outlined and the clinical application of TTFields discussed. The induced electric field distribution within the cranium is explained and illustrated with computational modelling. The last part of this chapter will comment on neuroimaging in patients treated with TTFields including a discussion of response criteria, pseudoprogression, and other treatment-related changes in patients. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |