| Abstract: |
In this chapter, we review the incidence and natural history of bladder cancer at all stages in the United States and worldwide. Next, we highlight disparities in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of bladder cancer, with particular focus on gender, race, insurance, and geography as important determinants of outcome. We also discuss the burden of financial toxicity in the management of muscle- and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer for young, underinsured, and low-income patients in the United States. Finally, we summarize health-related quality-of-life issues surrounding survivorship, with respect to urinary diversion and sexual function after radical cystectomy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved. |
