Synapse - MAIT and Vδ2 unconventional T cells are supported by a diverse intestinal microbiome and correlate with favorable patient outcome after allogeneic HCT

MAIT and Vδ2 unconventional T cells are supported by a diverse intestinal microbiome and correlate with favorable patient outcome after allogeneic HCT Journal Article

Authors:	Andrlová, H.; Miltiadous, O.; Kousa, A. I.; Dai, A.; DeWolf, S.; Violante, S.; Park, H. Y.; Janaki-Raman, S.; Gardner, R.; El Daker, S.; Slingerland, J.; Giardina, P.; Clurman, A.; Gomes, A. L. C.; Nguyen, C.; Da Silva, M. B.; Armijo, G. K.; Lee, N.; Zappasodi, R.; Chaligne, R.; Masilionis, I.; Fontana, E.; Ponce, D.; Cho, C.; Bush, A.; Hill, L.; Chao, N.; Sung, A. D.; Giralt, S.; Vidal, E. H.; Hosszu, K. K.; Devlin, S. M.; Peled, J. U.; Cross, J. R.; Perales, M. A.; Godfrey, D. I.; van den Brink, M. R. M.; Markey, K. A.
Article Title:	MAIT and Vδ2 unconventional T cells are supported by a diverse intestinal microbiome and correlate with favorable patient outcome after allogeneic HCT
Abstract:	Microbial diversity is associated with improved outcomes in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), but the mechanism underlying this observation is unclear. In a cohort of 174 patients who underwent allo-HCT, we demonstrate that a diverse intestinal microbiome early after allo-HCT is associated with an increased number of innate-like mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, which are in turn associated with improved overall survival and less acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Immune profiling of conventional and unconventional immune cell subsets revealed that the prevalence of Vδ2 cells, the major circulating subpopulation of γδ T cells, closely correlated with the frequency of MAIT cells and was associated with less aGVHD. Analysis of these populations using both single-cell transcriptomics and flow cytometry suggested a shift toward activated phenotypes and a gain of cytotoxic and effector functions after transplantation. A diverse intestinal microbiome with the capacity to produce activating ligands for MAIT and Vδ2 cells appeared to be necessary for the maintenance of these populations after allo-HCT. These data suggest an immunological link between intestinal microbial diversity, microbe-derived ligands, and maintenance of unconventional T cells. Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Keywords:	hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; ligand; graft versus host reaction; ligands; intestine flora; graft vs host disease; humans; human; gastrointestinal microbiome; mucosal-associated invariant t cell; mucosal-associated invariant t cells
Journal Title:	Science Translational Medicine
Volume:	14
Issue:	646
ISSN:	1946-6234
Publisher:	American Association for the Advancement of Science
Date Published:	2022-05-25
Start Page:	eabj2829
Language:	English
DOI:	10.1126/scitranslmed.abj2829
PUBMED:	35613281
PROVIDER:	scopus
PMCID:	PMC9893439
DOI/URL:	https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85131105795&doi=10.1126%2fscitranslmed.abj2829&partnerID=40&md5=98aa2c1b33c5560e4d2a524a4a5b93a2
Notes:	Article -- Export Date: 1 July 2022 -- Source: Scopus