Antithymocyte globulin exposure in CD34(+) T-cell–depleted allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation Journal Article
| Authors: | Lakkaraja, M.; Scordo, M.; Mauguen, A.; Cho, C.; Devlin, S.; Ruiz, J. D.; Klein, E.; Avecilla, S. T.; Boulad, F.; Cancio, M. I.; Curran, K. J.; Jakubowski, A. A.; Kernan, N. A.; Kung, A. L.; O’Reilly, R. J.; Papadopoulos, E. B.; Prockop, S.; van Roessel, I.; Scaradavou, A.; Shaffer, B. C.; Shah, G.; Spitzer, B.; Tamari, R.; Giralt, S. A.; Perales, M. A.; Boelens, J. J. |
| Article Title: | Antithymocyte globulin exposure in CD34(+) T-cell–depleted allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation |
| Abstract: | Traditional weight-based dosing results in variable rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) clearance that can delay CD41 T-cell immune reconstitution (CD41 IR) leading to higher mortality. In a retrospective pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis of patients undergoing their first CD341 T-cell–depleted (TCD) allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) after myeloablative conditioning with rATG, we estimated post-HCT rATG exposure as area under the curve (arbitrary unit per day/milliliter [AU 3 day/mL]) using a validated population PK model. We related rATG exposure to nonrelapse mortality (NRM), CD41 IR (CD41 $50 cells per mL at 2 consecutive measures within 100 days after HCT), overall survival, relapse, and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) to define an optimal rATG exposure. We used Cox proportional hazard models and multistate competing risk models for analysis. In all, 554 patients were included (age range, 0.1-73 years). Median post-HCT rATG exposure was 47 AU 3 day/mL (range, 0-101 AU 3 day/mL). Low post-HCT area under the curve (,30 AU 3 day/mL) was associated with lower risk of NRM (P, .01) and higher probability of achieving CD41 IR (P, .001). Patients who attained CD41 IR had a sevenfold lower 5-year NRM (P, .0001). The probability of achieving CD41 IR was 2.5-fold higher in the,30 AU 3 day/mL group compared with 30-55 AU 3 day/mL and threefold higher in the,30 AU 3 day/mL group compared with the $55 AU 3 day/mL group. In multivariable analyses, post-HCT rATG exposure $55 AU 3 day/mL was associated with an increased risk of NRM (hazard ratio, 3.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-9.30). In the malignancy subgroup (n 5 515), a tenfold increased NRM was observed in the $55 AU 3 day/mL group, and a sevenfold increased NRM was observed in the 30-55 AU 3 day/mL group compared with the,30 AU 3 day/mL group. Post-HCT rATG exposure $55 AU 3 day/mL was associated with higher risk of a GVHD (hazard ratio, 2.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-5.16). High post-HCT rATG exposure is associated with higher NRM secondary to poor CD41 IR after TCD HCT. Using personalized PK-directed rATG dosing to achieve optimal exposure may improve survival after HCT. © 2022 by The American Society of Hematology. |
| Keywords: | adolescent; adult; child; controlled study; aged; leukemia; survival rate; human cell; major clinical study; overall survival; mortality; area under the curve; cohort analysis; relapse; retrospective study; acute graft versus host disease; myeloablative conditioning; myelodysplastic syndrome; nonhodgkin lymphoma; whole body radiation; proportional hazards model; infant; cd4+ t lymphocyte; newborn; allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; multivariate analysis; myeloproliferative neoplasm; thymocyte antibody; sex; immune reconstitution; mortality rate; human; male; female; article; nonrelapse mortality; comorbidity assessment; mortality risk; all cause mortality; disease risk assessment; hematopoietic cell transplantation specific comorbidity index |
| Journal Title: | Blood Advances |
| Volume: | 6 |
| Issue: | 3 |
| ISSN: | 2473-9529 |
| Publisher: | American Society of Hematology |
| Date Published: | 2022-02-08 |
| Start Page: | 1054 |
| End Page: | 1063 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005584 |
| PUBMED: | 34788361 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC8945304 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Article -- Export Date: 1 March 2022 -- Source: Scopus |
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