Hairy cell leukemia Book Section
| Authors: | Geyer, M. B.; Abdel-Wahab, O.; Tallman, M. S.; Park, J. H. |
| Editors: | Niederhuber, J. E.; Armitage, J. O.; Kastan, M. B.; Doroshow, J. H.; Tepper, J. E. |
| Article/Chapter Title: | Hairy cell leukemia |
| Abstract: | Hairy cell leukemia is a rare, chronic B cell lymphoproliferative disorder, more commonly diagnosed in men than in women, and typically arising in the middle decades of life. An activating mutation in BRAF (V600E) is present in nearly all cases of hairy cell leukemia and represents a disease-defining genetic event. A distinct, very rare B cell lymphoproliferative disorder called hairy cell leukemia variant lacks BRAF mutations. Multilineage cytopenias and splenomegaly are the most common clinical signs present at diagnosis. Fine, hair-like cytoplasmic projections are a distinctive morphologic finding on peripheral blood smear, though diagnosis is typically confirmed by immunophenotype (by flow cytometry) and/or by bone marrow core biopsy; the marrow is frequently inaspirable. Expectant management following diagnosis is appropriate in a subset of patients. Treatment is indicated for progressive cytopenias, symptomatic organomegaly or adenopathy, frequent infections due to neutropenia, or disease-related constitutional symptoms. Purine analogs (cladribine, pentostatin) constitute the initial therapeutic agents of choice in most patients, and most will achieve durable complete response following a single cycle of cladribine. The CD20-targeted monoclonal antibody rituximab has demonstrated activity as well, as a single agent or in combination with cladribine. BRAF inhibitors and CD22-targeted recombinant immunotoxins have demonstrated high rates of response in patients with relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukemia in early-phase clinical studies. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. |
| Keywords: | rituximab; splenomegaly; pancytopenia; cladribine; hairy cell leukemia; lymphoproliferative disorders; vemurafenib; braf v600e |
| Book Title: | Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. 6th ed |
| ISBN: | 9780323476744 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Inc. |
| Publication Place: | Philadelphia, PA |
| Date Published: | 2020-01-01 |
| Start Page: | 1872 |
| End Page: | 1883.e5 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/b978-0-323-47674-4.00100-6 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Book Chapter: 100, part of "Section L: Hematological" in "Part III: Specific Malignancies" -- Export Date: 1 March 2022 -- Source: Scopus |
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