Protein synthesis efficiency and the route of nutrient administration in man Journal Article
| Authors: | Jeevanandam, M.; Lowry, S. F.; Brennan, M. F. |
| Article Title: | Protein synthesis efficiency and the route of nutrient administration in man |
| Abstract: | Most estimates of normal adult protein requirements are based on nitrogen (N) balance and on known utilisation efficiency of ingested protein. Such utilisation efficiency for specific protein is often unknown. Large increases or decreases in body synthesis and breakdown rates of protein can occur in malnourished hospitalised subjects and may not be reflected in nitrogen excretion data. The utilisation efficiency of the protein is dependent partly on the route of nutrient administration, oral or parenteral, in these patients. Whole-body protein kinetics investigated under various dietary conditions in hospitalised normal volunteers, depleted patients with malignant or benign disease, post-operative surgical patients and bone-marrow transplant patients were reviewed. The results from a total of 196 studies (67 without any N intake, 38 with oral feeding, nine with enteral and 82 with parenteral feeding) are summarised. The mean whole-body protein turnover rate (Q) of all subjects studied in the absence of any N intake was 2.5 ± 0.1 gP/kg/d. Irrespective of the status of the patient, the synthesis efficiency of the N derived from the breakdown of body protein in the absence of intake was 78 ± 1%. This was reduced significantly to 61 ± 1% and 45 ± 4% when the N was supplied by the oral/enteral and parenteral route respectively. In normal subjects the route of feeding has minimum effect on the protein synthesis efficiency. Septic and cancer patients utilised administered N by the parenteral route less efficiently than by the oral route. The results suggest that the daily protein requirement by the parenteral route should be higher than when given by the oral/enteral route. © 1987. |
| Keywords: | controlled study; major clinical study; protein synthesis; surgery; volunteer; intravenous drug administration; normal human; oral drug administration; patient; cancer; human; protein requirement |
| Journal Title: | Clinical Nutrition |
| Volume: | 6 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 0261-5614 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier B.V. |
| Date Published: | 1987-11-01 |
| Start Page: | 233 |
| End Page: | 240 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0261-5614(87)90038-0 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Review -- Export Date: 5 February 2021 -- Source: Scopus |
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