What to do when BCG fails Book Section


Author: Dalbagni, G.
Editors: Lerner, S. P.; Schoenberg, M. P.; Sternberg, C. N.
Article/Chapter Title: What to do when BCG fails
Abstract: Introduction Although bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a highly effective therapy for bladder cancer, the problem of BCG failure is significant. When the therapy fails, radical cystectomy is the gold standard. Patients are sometimes reluctant, however, to undergo major surgery for a condition that does not pose an immediate threat to their lives. Furthermore, radical cystectomy is not suitable for a subset of patients with severe comorbidities. A number of alternatives have been developed. After considering the definition of BCG failure, we will detail these therapies. © 2008 Informa UK Ltd.
Book Title: Treatment and Management of Bladder Cancer
ISBN: 9780415462174
Publisher: Informa Healthcare  
Publication Place: London, UK
Date Published: 2008-01-01
Start Page: 51
End Page: 58
Language: English
PROVIDER: scopus
DOI/URL:
Notes: Book Chapter: 7 -- Export Date: 3 December 2018 -- Source: Scopus