Abstract: |
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are disorders of nervous system function that occur in association with cancer but are not a direct result of tumor mass or of metastasis to the nervous system. These disorders are the rarest neurological complications in cancer patients but they are important for two reasons. First, in one-half to two-thirds of patients, neurological symptoms precede the diagnosis of the tumor and, therefore, can direct the search for an occult and potentially curable cancer. Second, these syndromes provide a unique model to study the relationship between cancer and the nervous system at the biochemical and molecular level. Detection of a specific antibody is generally associated with a characteristic neurological syndrome and specific type of cancer. Therefore, detection of such antibodies confirms the paraneoplastic origin of a neurological syndrome and, in patients with unknown cancer, directs the search for a neoplasm to one or a few organs. © 1995 Elsevier Inc. |