Efficacy and mechanisms of aerobic exercise on cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis: A critical systematic review of in vivo preclinical data Journal Article


Authors: Ashcraft, K. A.; Peace, R. M.; Betof, A. S.; Dewhirst, M. W.; Jones, L. W.
Article Title: Efficacy and mechanisms of aerobic exercise on cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis: A critical systematic review of in vivo preclinical data
Abstract: A major objective of the emerging field of exercise-oncology research is to determine the efficacy of, and biological mechanisms by which, aerobic exercise affects cancer incidence, progression, and/or metastasis. There is a strong inverse association between self-reported exercise and the primary incidence of several forms of cancer; similarly, emerging data suggest that exercise exposure after a cancer diagnosis may improve outcomes for early-stage breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer. Arguably, critical next steps in the development of exercise as a candidate treatment in cancer control require preclinical studies to validate the biological efficacy of exercise, identify the optimal "dose", and pinpoint mechanisms of action. To evaluate the current evidence base, we conducted a critical systematic review of in vivo studies investigating the effects of exercise in cancer prevention and progression. Studies were evaluated on the basis of tumor outcomes (e.g., incidence, growth, latency, metastasis), dose-response, and mechanisms of action, when available. A total of 53 studies were identified and evaluated on tumor incidence (n ? 24), tumor growth (n ? 33), or metastasis (n ? 10). We report that the current evidence base is plagued by considerable methodologic heterogeneity in all aspects of study design, endpoints, and efficacy. Such heterogeneity precludes meaningful comparisons and conclusions at present. To this end, we provide a framework of methodologic and data reporting standards to strengthen the field to guide the conduct of high-quality studies required to inform translational, mechanism-driven clinical trials. ©2016 American Association for Cancer Research.
Journal Title: Cancer Research
Volume: 76
Issue: 14
ISSN: 0008-5472
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research  
Date Published: 2016-07-15
Start Page: 4032
End Page: 4050
Language: English
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0887
PROVIDER: scopus
PUBMED: 27381680
PMCID: PMC5378389
DOI/URL:
Notes: Review -- Export Date: 2 August 2016 -- Source: Scopus
Altmetric
Citation Impact
BMJ Impact Analytics
MSK Authors
  1. Lee Winston Jones
    177 Jones
Related MSK Work