Leukocytosis and the retinoic acid syndrome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide Journal Article
| Authors: | Camacho, L. H.; Soignet, S. L.; Chanel, S.; Ho, R.; Heller, G.; Scheinberg, D. A.; Ellison, R.; Warrell, R. P. |
| Article Title: | Leukocytosis and the retinoic acid syndrome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Arsenic trioxide, like all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), induces differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells in vivo. Treatment of APL patients with all-trans PA is commonly associated with leukocytosis, and approximately 50% of patients develop the PA syndrome. We reviewed our clinical experience with arsenic trioxide to determine the incidence of these two phenomena. Patients and Methods: Twenty-six patients with relapsed or refractory APL were treated with arsenic trioxide for remission induction at daily doses that ranged from 0.06 to 0.17 mg/kg. Results: Twenty-three patients (88%) achieved complete remission. Leukocytosis was observed in 15 patients (58%). The median baseline leukocyte count for patients with leukocytosis was 3,900 cells/mu L (range, 1,200 to 72,300 cells/mu L), which was higher than that for patients who did not develop leukocytosis (2,100 cells/mu L; range, 500 to 5,400 cells/mu L; P =.01). No other cytotoxic therapy was administered, and the leukocytosis resolved in all cases. The PA syndrome was observed in eight patients (31%). Patients who developed leukocytosis were significantly more likely to develop the PA syndrome (P <.001), and no patient without a peak leukocyte count greater than 10,000 cells/mu L developed the syndrome. Among the patients with leukocytosis, there was no observed relation between the leukocyte peak and the probability of developing the syndrome (p =.37). Conclusion: Induction therapy of APL with all-trans PA and arsenic trioxide is associated with leukocytosis and the PA syndrome. These clinical effects seem to be intrinsically related to the biologic responsiveness and the differentiation process induced by these new agents. J Clin Oncol 18:2620-2625. (C) 2000 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. |
| Keywords: | in-vitro; therapy; differentiation; g-csf; expression; cells; acute myeloid-leukemia; inflammatory cytokines; respiratory-distress syndrome; adhesion molecules; granulocytic |
| Journal Title: | Journal of Clinical Oncology |
| Volume: | 18 |
| Issue: | 13 |
| ISSN: | 0732-183X |
| Publisher: | American Society of Clinical Oncology |
| Date Published: | 2000-07-01 |
| Start Page: | 2620 |
| End Page: | 2625 |
| Language: | English |
| ACCESSION: | WOS:000087940600017 |
| PROVIDER: | wos |
| PUBMED: | 10893295 |
| Notes: | Article; Proceedings Paper -- Presented at the 41st Annual Meeting of American Society of Hematology in New Orleans, LA, December 3-7, 1999 -- Source: Wos |
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