Drug-induced amnesia is a separate phenomenon from sedation: Electrophysiologic evidence Journal Article
| Authors: | Veselis, R. A.; Reinsel, R. A.; Feshchenko, V. A. |
| Article Title: | Drug-induced amnesia is a separate phenomenon from sedation: Electrophysiologic evidence |
| Abstract: | Background: Sedative-hypnotic drugs not only increase sedation, but also impair memory as serum concentration increases. These drugs also produce profound changes in the auditory event-related potential (ERP). The ability of various ERP components to predict changes in sedation and memory produced by various drugs was tested. Methods: Sixty-five healthy volunteers randomly received intravenous placebo, midazolam, propofol, thiopental, fentanyl with ondansetron, or ondansetron alone at five different stable target concentrations (three increasing, two decreasing) using a computer-controlled infusion pump to produce varying degrees of sedation without loss of consciousness. ERPs were recorded while volunteer participants detected a deviant auditory stimulus and made a button-press response to a target tone (standard oddball paradigm, 80:20 ratio, to elicit a P3 response). At each target concentration, volunteers learned a list of 16 words. The predictive probabilities (P k) of various ERP components were determined for word recognition at the end of the day (memory) and log reaction time to the deviant stimulus (sedation). Results: The N2 latency of the ERP consistently predicted log reaction time in all groups (P k±SE from 0.58±0.04 to 0.71±0.04). The N2P3 amplitude of the ERP was the best predictor of memory performance for midazolam (P k, 0.63±0.04), propofol (P k, 0.62±0.05), and thiopental (P k, 0.66±0.04). There was a differential ability to predict memory performance from sedation for midazolam and propofol. Conclusions: Midazolam and propofol affect memory differentially from their sedative effects, and these are indexed by specific components of the auditory ERP. These components of the ERP are associated with specific, but not necessarily unique, neuroanatomic structures. Thus, these drugs act by additional mechanisms beyond general central nervous system depression to produce the effects of sedation and memory impairment. |
| Keywords: | adult; controlled study; middle aged; major clinical study; clinical trial; placebo; controlled clinical trial; randomized controlled trial; midazolam; propofol; sedation; dose-response relationship, drug; prediction; predictive value of tests; ondansetron; cognition; memory; amnesia; electrophysiology; fentanyl; hypnotics and sedatives; electroencephalography; thiopental; reaction time; conscious sedation; evoked potentials; auditory stimulation; word recognition; humans; human; male; female; priority journal; article; evoked auditory response; evoked potentials, auditory |
| Journal Title: | Anesthesiology |
| Volume: | 95 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 0003-3022 |
| Publisher: | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
| Date Published: | 2001-10-01 |
| Start Page: | 896 |
| End Page: | 907 |
| Language: | English |
| PUBMED: | 11605930 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Export Date: 21 May 2015 -- Source: Scopus |
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