Identification of novel radiosensitizers in a high-throughput, cell-based screen for DSB repair inhibitors Journal Article
| Authors: | Goglia, A. G.; Delsite, R.; Luz, A. N.; Shahbazian, D.; Salem, A. F.; Sundaram, R. K.; Chiaravalli, J.; Hendrikx, P. J.; Wilshire, J. A.; Jasin, M.; Kluger, H. M.; Glickman, J. F.; Powell, S. N.; Bindra, R. S. |
| Article Title: | Identification of novel radiosensitizers in a high-throughput, cell-based screen for DSB repair inhibitors |
| Abstract: | Most cancer therapies involve a component of treatment that inflicts DNA damage in tumor cells, such as double-strand breaks (DSBs), which are considered the most serious threat to genomic integrity. Complex systems have evolved to repair these lesions, and successful DSB repair is essential for tumor cell survival after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) and other DNA-damaging agents. As such, inhibition of DNA repair is a potentially efficacious strategy for chemo- and radiosensitization. Homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) represent the two major pathways by which DSBs are repaired in mammalian cells. Here, we report the design and execution of a high-throughput, cell-based small molecule screen for novel DSB repair inhibitors. We miniaturized our recently developed dual NHEJ and HR reporter system into a 384-well plate-based format and interrogated a diverse library of 20,000 compounds for molecules that selectively modulate NHEJ and HR repair in tumor cells. We identified a collection of novel hits that potently inhibit DSB repair, and we have validated their functional activity in a comprehensive panel of orthogonal secondary assays. A selection of these inhibitors was found to radiosensitize cancer cell lines in vitro, which suggests that they may be useful as novel chemo- and radio sensitizers. Surprisingly, we identified several FDA-approved drugs, including the calcium channel blocker mibefradil dihydrochloride, that demonstrated activity as DSB repair inhibitors and radiosensitizers. These findings suggest the possibility for repurposing them as tumor cell radiosensitizers in the future. Accordingly, we recently initiated a phase I clinical trial testing mibefradil as a glioma radiosensitizer. ©2014 AACR. |
| Keywords: | controlled study; human tissue; protein expression; unclassified drug; human cell; antineoplastic agent; cell viability; cell survival; etoposide; high throughput screening; in vitro study; drug screening; molecular library; glioblastoma; cyproterone; double stranded dna break; cell count; loperamide; drug cytotoxicity; radiosensitizing agent; nuclear localization signal; radiosensitization; dna cleavage; pimozide; phase 1 clinical trial (topic); dna end joining repair; recombination repair; human; priority journal; article; cancer cell line; 1 (2 ethylphenoxy) 3 (1,2,3,4 tetrahydro 1 naphthylamino) 2 propanol oxalate; agents affecting cell division; double strand break repair inhibitor; mibefradil; n,n' dibenzhydrylethylenediamine; adherent cell |
| Journal Title: | Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |
| Volume: | 14 |
| Issue: | 2 |
| ISSN: | 1535-7163 |
| Publisher: | American Association for Cancer Research |
| Date Published: | 2015-02-01 |
| Start Page: | 326 |
| End Page: | 342 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0765 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC4326563 |
| PUBMED: | 25512618 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Export Date: 2 April 2015 -- Source: Scopus |
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