The evolving molecular genetics of low-grade glioma Journal Article


Authors: Venneti, S.; Huse, J. T.
Article Title: The evolving molecular genetics of low-grade glioma
Abstract: Low-grade gliomas (LGG) constitute grades I and II tumors of astrocytic and grade II tumors of oligodendroglial lineage. Although these tumors are typically slow growing, they may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality because of recurrence and malignant progression, even in the setting of optimal resection. LGG in pediatric and adult age groups are currently classified by morphologic criteria. Recent years have heralded a molecular revolution in understanding brain tumors, including LGG. Next-generation sequencing has definitively demonstrated that pediatric and adult LGG fundamentally differ in their underlying molecular characteristics, despite being histologically similar. Pediatric LGG show alterations in FGFR1 and BRAF in pilocytic astrocytomas and FGFR1 alterations in diffuse astrocytomas, each converging on the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Adult LGG are characterized by IDH1/2 mutations and ATRX mutations in astrocytic tumors and IDH1/2 mutations and 1p/19q codeletions in oligodendroglial tumors. TERT promoter mutations are also noted in LGG and are mainly associated with oligodendrogliomas. These findings have considerably refined approaches to classifying these tumors. Moreover, many of the molecular alterations identified in LGG directly impact on prognosis, tumor biology, and the development of novel therapies.
Keywords: mitogen activated protein kinase; adult; promoter region; gene deletion; mortality; review; nonhuman; molecular genetics; brain tumor; glioma; cancer grading; morbidity; groups by age; glioblastoma; oligodendroglioma; point mutation; astrocytoma; braf; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; dna helicase; idh1; isocitrate dehydrogenase 1; pilocytic astrocytoma; low-grade glioma; atrx; next generation sequencing; isocitrate dehydrogenase 2; prognosis; human; priority journal; p1p/19q codeletion
Journal Title: Advances in Anatomic Pathology
Volume: 22
Issue: 2
ISSN: 1072-4109
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins  
Date Published: 2015-03-01
Start Page: 94
End Page: 101
Language: English
DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000049
PROVIDER: scopus
PUBMED: 25664944
PMCID: PMC4667550
DOI/URL:
Notes: Export Date: 2 March 2015 -- Source: Scopus
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  1. Jason T Huse
    143 Huse