Prognostic factors for survival in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) after initial androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) Journal Article

  

Authors:	Cho, D.; Di Blasio, C. J.; Rhee, A. C.; Kattan, M. W.
Article Title:	Prognostic factors for survival in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) after initial androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)
Abstract:	Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a standard mode of therapy for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Controversy exists, however, as to the optimal timing of initiation of ADT, as well as whether this form of therapy imparts a survival benefit to patients with advanced disease. Side effects of ADT are not minimal and can seriously compromise a patient's quality of life. Additionally, ADT eventually results in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Despite new chemotherapeutic regimens and hormonal agents, overall survival in these patients remains universally low. Nonetheless, it is valuable to gauge a patient's prognosis to assist in decision making when considering treatment options. Contemporary series analyzing patients with HRPC have identified several factors prognostic of survival outcomes, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALK), hemoglobin (Hgb), and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. Nomograms have been developed that utilize these pretreatment clinical variables to predict clinical outcomes, including 1-year, 2-year, and median survival times in patients with HRPC. These instruments are capable of more accurately predicting survival outcomes than traditional tables of multivariate results or simple analysis of prognostic factors. We believe these nomograms will become indispensable tools for patient counseling and clinical trial design in patients with HRPC. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords:	cancer survival; treatment outcome; survival rate; prednisone; disease course; mortality; review; doxorubicin; side effect; treatment planning; conference paper; alpha interferon; gemcitabine; paclitaxel; cancer patient; medical decision making; prostate specific antigen; carboplatin; metastasis; etoposide; neoplasm proteins; tumor markers, biological; dexamethasone; hemoglobin; drug resistance; pathology; drug resistance, neoplasm; tumor marker; cancer therapy; prediction; risk factor; vinblastine; docetaxel; prostate cancer; prostatic neoplasms; alkaline phosphatase; prostate; nomograms; disease progression; eflornithine; prostate tumor; tumor protein; mitoxantrone; lactate dehydrogenase; antiandrogen; bicalutamide; gonadorelin agonist; hydrocortisone; orchiectomy; antineoplastic agents, hormonal; androgen deprivation therapy; antineoplastic hormone agonists and antagonists; suramin; mitoguazone; megestrol; estramustine phosphate; edatrexate; androgen-deprivation; strontium; humans; prognosis; human; male; priority journal; hormone-refractory; hormone refractory prostate cancer
Journal Title:	Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations
Volume:	21
Issue:	4
ISSN:	1078-1439
Publisher:	Elsevier Inc.
Date Published:	2003-07-01
Start Page:	282
End Page:	291
Language:	English
DOI:	10.1016/s1078-1439(03)00057-7
PUBMED:	12954499
PROVIDER:	scopus
DOI/URL:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2142652101&partnerID=40&md5=69b57e48d9ecd78eb68562e2c6b7c1a2
Notes:	Export Date: 25 September 2014 -- Source: Scopus

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