Natural and synthetic saponin adjuvant QS-21 for vaccines against cancer Journal Article
| Authors: | Ragupathi, G.; Gardner, J. R.; Livingston, P. O.; Gin, D. Y. |
| Article Title: | Natural and synthetic saponin adjuvant QS-21 for vaccines against cancer |
| Abstract: | One of the most widely used and potent immunological adjuvants is a mixture of soluble triterpene glycosides purified from the soap bark tree (Quillaja saponaria). Despite challenges in production, quality control, stability and toxicity, the QS-21 fraction from this extract has exhibited exceptional adjuvant properties for a range of antigens. It possesses an ability to augment clinically significant antibody and T-cell responses to vaccine antigens against a variety of infectious diseases, degenerative disorders and cancers. The recent synthesis of active molecules of QS-21 has provided a robust method to produce this leading vaccine adjuvant in high purity as well as to produce novel synthetic QS-21 congeners designed to induce increased immune responsiveness and decreased toxicity. © 2011 Expert Reviews Ltd. |
| Keywords: | leukemia; unclassified drug; drug tolerability; review; drug safety; nonhuman; drug targeting; adjuvant therapy; cancer staging; cell proliferation; t lymphocyte; bcg vaccine; melanoma; liver toxicity; ovary cancer; breast cancer; drug potency; drug effect; drug synthesis; structure activity relation; prostate cancer; sarcoma; immune response; cancer vaccine; drug mechanism; neuroblastoma; immunogenicity; antibody response; lymphoma; erythema; immunological adjuvant; flu like syndrome; alzheimer disease; ganglioside gm2; liposome; vaccines; drug formulation; keyhole limpet hemocyanin; gpi 0100; saponins; adjuvants; qs 21; randomized controlled trial (topic); clinical trial (topic); saponin; quillaja; phase 2 clinical trial (topic); phase 3 clinical trial (topic); phase 1 clinical trial (topic); quillaja saponaria; multicenter study (topic); synthetic adjuvants; aluminum salt; malaria vaccine; qs 17; qs 18; qs 7; sqs 0101; sqs 0102; sqs 0103; sqs 21; emulsion; injection site induration; reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography |
| Journal Title: | Expert Review of Vaccines |
| Volume: | 10 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 1476-0584 |
| Publisher: | Informa Healthcare |
| Date Published: | 2011-04-01 |
| Start Page: | 463 |
| End Page: | 470 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1586/erv.11.18 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PUBMED: | 21506644 |
| PMCID: | PMC3658151 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Export Date: 23 June 2011" - "CODEN: ERVXA" - "Source: Scopus" |
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144Ragupathi -
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228Livingston -
34Gardner
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