Therapeutic implications of the emerging molecular biology of uveal melanoma Journal Article
| Authors: | Patel, M.; Smyth, E.; Chapman, P. B.; Wolchok, J. D.; Schwartz, G. K.; Abramson, D. H.; Carvajal, R. D. |
| Article Title: | Therapeutic implications of the emerging molecular biology of uveal melanoma |
| Abstract: | Uveal melanoma represents the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. Although uveal and cutaneous melanomas both arise from melanocytes, uveal melanoma is clinically and biologically distinct from its more common cutaneous counterpart. Metastasis occurs frequently in this disease, and once distant spread occurs, outcomes are poor. No effective systemic therapies are currently available; however, recent advances in our understanding of the biology of this rare and devastating disease, combined with the growing availability of targeted agents, which can be used to rationally exploit these findings, hold the promise for novel and effective therapies in the foreseeable future. Herein, we review our rapidly growing understanding of the molecular biology of uveal melanoma, including the pathogenic roles of GNAQ (guanine nucleotide binding protein q polypeptide)/11, PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), IGF (insulin-like growth factor)/IGF-1 receptor, MET (hepatocyte growth factor), BAP1 [breast cancer 1, early onset (BRCA1)-associated protein-1], and other key molecules, potential therapeutic strategies derived from this emerging biology, and the next generation of recently initiated clinical trials for the treatment of advanced uveal melanoma. © 2011 American Association for Cancer Research. |
| Keywords: | signal transduction; somatomedin; cancer survival; protein expression; unclassified drug; gene mutation; sorafenib; sunitinib; advanced cancer; drug efficacy; liver cell carcinoma; nonhuman; solid tumor; drug targeting; temozolomide; cancer staging; imatinib; ticilimumab; unindexed drug; melanoma; mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitor; nuclear protein; genetic association; vincristine; antineoplastic activity; kidney carcinoma; carcinogenesis; somatomedin c receptor; temsirolimus; microarray analysis; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 trisphosphate 3 phosphatase; octreotide; molecular biology; mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor; uvea melanoma; guanine nucleotide binding protein; everolimus; cutaneous melanoma; 2 morpholino 8 phenylchromone; scatter factor receptor; clinical trial (topic); b raf kinase inhibitor; gsk 1120212; 3 [1 (2,6 dichloro 3 fluorophenyl)ethoxy] 5 [1 (4 piperidinyl) 1h pyrazol 4 yl] 2 pyridinylamine; xl 281; n (3 chlorophenyl) 3 [3,5 dimethyl 4 (4 methyl 1 piperazinylcarbonyl) 1h pyrrol 2 ylmethylene] 2,3 dihydro n methyl 2 oxo 1h indole 5 sulfonamide; azd 8055; brca1 associated protein 1; guanine nucleotide binding protein q polypeptide 11; pasireotide; selumetinib; xl 184 |
| Journal Title: | Clinical Cancer Research |
| Volume: | 17 |
| Issue: | 8 |
| ISSN: | 1078-0432 |
| Publisher: | American Association for Cancer Research |
| Date Published: | 2011-04-15 |
| Start Page: | 2087 |
| End Page: | 2100 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-3169 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PUBMED: | 21444680 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Export Date: 23 June 2011" - "CODEN: CCREF" - "Source: Scopus" |
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