Biomarkers of disease activity in multiple sclerosis Journal Article
| Authors: | Graber, J. J.; Dhib-Jalbut, S. |
| Article Title: | Biomarkers of disease activity in multiple sclerosis |
| Abstract: | As therapeutic options for multiple sclerosis widen, validated biomarkers of clinical disease activity are urgently needed. Reliable biomarkers would assist in choosing initial therapy, monitoring response to therapy, detecting subclinical disease activity, predicting and possibly preventing therapeutic failure, and hopefully improving both short (relapses) and long-term (disability) outcomes. The presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid is a well-validated biomarker that is useful in initial diagnosis. Neutralizing antibodies to interferon-beta are also useful in identifying treatment failure and possibly guiding changes in therapy. The discovery of antibodies to aquaporin-4 in patients with neuromyelitis optica delineates patients with a fundamentally different underlying pathophysiology and clinical course who may require alternate therapeutic approaches. While numerous other candidate biomarkers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid have been described, none so far have the validated reliability necessary for widespread clinical use. The availability of multiple genetic and protein microarray technology may assist in identifying more reliable candidate biomarkers or patterns of multiple biomarkers and improve specificity. The heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis may necessitate individualized biomarkers and therapeutic decisions within distinct subsets of patients. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Keywords: | protein array analysis; disease course; review; interferon; t lymphocyte; myelin basic protein; unindexed drug; dendritic cell; gelatinase b; interleukin 10; interleukin 8; vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; glial fibrillary acidic protein; relapse; survivin; b lymphocyte; cytokine; tumor necrosis factor alpha; gamma interferon; cerebrospinal fluid; oligonucleotide array sequence analysis; biomarker; nerve cell adhesion molecule; predictive value of tests; interleukin 6; natural killer cell; interleukin 17; macrophage; cytokine release; multiple sclerosis; tissue injury; protein microarray; immunosuppressive agents; intercellular adhesion molecule 1; interleukin 12; tissue repair; genetic markers; cd86 antigen; immunopathogenesis; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase; programmed death 1 ligand 1; t cell; disease activity; chemokine receptor cxcr4; recombinant beta interferon; chemokine receptor cxcr3; osteopontin; biomarkers, pharmacological; cd40 antigen; glatiramer; interleukin; aquaporin 4; chemokine receptor ccr5; complement factor h; cutaneous t cell attracting chemokine; myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; neutrophil collagenase; rantes; myelooptic neuropathy; oligoclonal bands |
| Journal Title: | Journal of the Neurological Sciences |
| Volume: | 305 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| ISSN: | 0022-510X |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Science, Inc. |
| Date Published: | 2011-06-15 |
| Start Page: | 1 |
| End Page: | 10 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jns.2011.03.026 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PUBMED: | 21463872 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Export Date: 23 June 2011" - "CODEN: JNSCA" - "Source: Scopus" |
