Authors: | Augustine, M. M.; Fong, Y. |
Article Title: | Epidemiology and risk factors of biliary tract and primary liver tumors |
Abstract: | Primary liver and biliary tract tumors encompass a range of benign and malignant neoplasms. They consist of histologically distinct types of tumors that arise from and are influenced by hepatocytes, biliary epithelial cells, and mesenchymal cells. Improvements in imaging have allowed the detection and diagnosis of these neoplasms to be refined. Investigation at the histologic, molecular, and genetic levels has allowed neoplasms to be categorized and treated. Epidemiology has improved understanding of geographic, ethnic, gender, and cultural differences that link exposures with cancer risk. This article focuses on the epidemiology of major primary adult liver and biliary tract tumors. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. |
Keywords: | review; hepatitis b; hepatitis c; liver cell carcinoma; cancer incidence; obesity; risk factor; sex difference; bile duct carcinoma; cholangiocarcinoma; age distribution; alcohol consumption; liver hemangioma; liver adenoma; cholelithiasis; gallbladder cancer; chronic inflammation; calcification; geographic distribution; nonalcoholic fatty liver; helicobacter infection; liver focal nodular hyperplasia; cholesterol metabolism; fascioliasis; typhoid fever; primary sclerosing cholangitis; chronic hepatitis; thorium dioxide; aflatoxin; human; benign liver tumor; hepatocelluar cancer; viral hepatitis; anomalous pancreaticobiliary duct junction; bile duct cyst; bile duct stone; chronic hepatitis b; gallbladder polyp; helicobacter bilis |
Journal Title: | Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America |
Volume: | 23 |
Issue: | 2 |
ISSN: | 1055-3207 |
Publisher: | Elsevier Inc. |
Date Published: | 2014-04-01 |
Start Page: | 171 |
End Page: | 188 |
Language: | English |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.soc.2013.10.001 |
PROVIDER: | scopus |
PUBMED: | 24560105 |
DOI/URL: | |
Notes: | Export Date: 2 April 2014 -- CODEN: SOCAF -- Source: Scopus |