| Abstract: |
The treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma has evolved over the last decade, and currently a new treatment paradigm utilizing a variety of targeted approaches is in place. Novel agents including sunitinib, sorafenib, temsirolimus, and bevacizumab are utilized for patients with advanced and metastatic clear cell carcinoma. Inhibition of a variety of targets including kinase receptors and their ligands such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), or the intracellular kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) are in part responsible for the effects of these agents. The clinical trials responsible for these advances as well as the evolving treatment paradigm are reviewed in this introduction. © 2009 Humana Press. |
