Computational approaches to understand cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias Journal Article
| Authors: | Roberts, B. N.; Yang, P. C.; Behrens, S. B.; Moreno, J. D.; Clancy, C. E. |
| Article Title: | Computational approaches to understand cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias |
| Abstract: | Cardiac rhythms arise from electrical activity generated by precisely timed opening and closing of ion channels in individual cardiac myocytes. These impulses spread throughout the cardiac muscle to manifest as electrical waves in the whole heart. Regularity of electrical waves is critically important since they signal the heart muscle to contract, driving the primary function of the heart to act as a pump and deliver blood to the brain and vital organs. When electrical activity goes awry during a cardiac arrhythmia, the pump does not function, the brain does not receive oxygenated blood, and death ensues. For more than 50 years, mathematically based models of cardiac electrical activity have been used to improve understanding of basic mechanisms of normal and abnormal cardiac electrical function. Computer-based modeling approaches to understand cardiac activity are uniquely helpful because they allow for distillation of complex emergent behaviors into the key contributing components underlying them. Here we review the latest advances and novel concepts in the field as they relate to understanding the complex interplay between electrical, mechanical, structural, and genetic mechanisms during arrhythmia development at the level of ion channels, cells, and tissues. We also discuss the latest computational approaches to guiding arrhythmia therapy. © 2012 the American Physiological Society. |
| Keywords: | gene mutation; pathogenesis; review; nonhuman; pathophysiology; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; animals; computer assisted tomography; heart disease; genetic association; drug screening; time factors; mathematical model; geometry; heart failure; computer simulation; heart arrhythmia; lidocaine; bupivacaine; electrocardiography; energy metabolism; arrhythmias, cardiac; therapy; ablation therapy; heart muscle ischemia; excitation contraction coupling; heart repolarization; personalized medicine; intracellular signaling; artificial heart pacemaker; cyclic amp dependent protein kinase; reperfusion injury; action potentials; myocytes, cardiac; flecainide; ion channel; ion channels; calcium calmodulin dependent protein kinase ii; ranolazine; heart electrophysiology; arrhythmia; cardiac electrophysiology; calcium channel l type; sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium transporting adenosine triphosphatase; heart muscle reperfusion; heart conduction system; models, cardiovascular; myocardial contraction |
| Journal Title: | American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology |
| Volume: | 303 |
| Issue: | 7 |
| ISSN: | 0363-6135 |
| Publisher: | American Physiological Society |
| Date Published: | 2012-10-01 |
| Start Page: | H766 |
| End Page: | H783 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1152/ajpheart.01081.2011 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PUBMED: | 22886409 |
| PMCID: | PMC3774200 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Export Date: 2 November 2012" - "CODEN: AJPPD" - "Source: Scopus" |
