Chemotherapy and immunotherapy combination in advanced prostate cancer Journal Article
| Author: | Slovin, S. |
| Article Title: | Chemotherapy and immunotherapy combination in advanced prostate cancer |
| Abstract: | In prostate cancer, there is considerable evidence that tumors promote immune tolerance starting early in the disease. By suppressing tumors and activating immune system homeostatic mechanisms, chemotherapy may help overcome this tumor-induced immune tolerance. As such, chemotherapy may therefore support improved results from novel immune-modulating therapies. Prostate cancer is particularly suited for active immunotherapy because prostate tumor cells express a number of distinctive surface antigens. Sipuleucel-T, which has recently been approved in the United States, is an active immunotherapy that triggers T-cell responses against prostate cancer. An exploratory analysis of phase III trial participants found a substantial survival benefit to receiving docetaxel some months after sipuleucel-T. However, VITAL-2, a phase III trial investigating a prostate cancer therapeutic vaccine plus concurrent docetaxel versus standard docetaxel therapy in advanced prostate cancer, observed lower overall survival with the vaccine regimen. This trial highlights major unresolved questions concerning the optimum choice, dosing, and timing of chemotherapy relative to active immunotherapy. Patient characteristics, prostate cancer disease stage, and treatment history also may influence the response to combined therapy. Advances in biomarker validation and trial design are needed to efficiently investigate these issues. |
| Keywords: | cancer survival; treatment response; survival rate; unclassified drug; overall survival; prednisone; cisplatin; doxorubicin; advanced cancer; cancer combination chemotherapy; drug efficacy; nonhuman; paclitaxel; chemotherapy; drug megadose; antigen expression; cd8+ t lymphocyte; lymphocyte proliferation; biomarkers; ipilimumab; cancer immunotherapy; low drug dose; melanoma; progression free survival; multiple cycle treatment; ovary cancer; breast cancer; cyclophosphamide; docetaxel; prostate cancer; granzyme b; immunological tolerance; immune response; cancer vaccine; cancer vaccines; colon cancer; cancer immunization; cd4+ t lymphocyte; tumor immunity; dna vaccine; taxane derivative; granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor vaccine; autoimmune disease; clinical trials; lymphocyte subpopulation; sipuleucel t; antigenicity; virus vaccine; epidermal growth factor receptor 2 vaccine; active immunotherapy; castrate-resistant prostate cancer; poxvirus prostate specific antigen recombinant vaccine; poxvirus vaccine |
| Journal Title: | Clinical Advances in Hematology & Oncology |
| Volume: | 10 |
| Issue: | 2 |
| ISSN: | 1543-0790 |
| Publisher: | Millennium Medical Publishing, Inc |
| Date Published: | 2012-02-01 |
| Start Page: | 90 |
| End Page: | 100 |
| Language: | English |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PUBMED: | 22402350 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Export Date: 2 April 2012" - "Source: Scopus" |
