Abstract: |
The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in 70-90% of invasive breast cancers. Despite the ubiquitous expression of AR in both primary and metastatic breast cancers, the clinical significance of this hormone receptor as a prognostic/predictive marker and its functional role in tumorigenesis remains poorly understood. This review summarizes the recent progress made in understanding the role of the AR as a prognostic/predictive marker in breast cancer and the underlying mechanisms by which the androgen-signaling pathway may be involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. In addition, this review examines the available clinical data for the use of androgen-blocking agents in the treatment of breast cancer and explores the ongoing development of newer AR-targeted agents in this setting. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. |