Abstract: |
Hepatic arterial infusion pumps (HAIP) are a form of locoregional therapy to treat primary liver cancer and liver dominant metastases, most commonly from colon cancer. HAIP are most commonly placed by surgeons with the catheter tip in the gastroduodenal artery connected to a subcutaneous reservoir in the lower abdomen. Because the hepatic artery supplies most tumors in the liver and because the hepatic extraction fraction of some chemotherapy agents is very high, doses that would not be tolerated systemically can be delivered to the liver. HAIP chemotherapy has been shown to improve overall survival in some patients, particularly those with colorectal liver metastases. This treatment is not without potential complications, however. One of the most common complications is biliary sclerosis (chemotherapy-induced biliary sclerosis or CIBS). CIBS almost uniformly involves the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts and patients commonly present with biochemical abnormalities (elevated bilirubin and liver function tests) or pruritis. In this chapter we will discuss the history, pathophysiology, imaging findings, and management of this complex disease. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025. |