Epithelial Malignant Tumors of the Cervix: Neuroendocrine Tumors Book Section
| Authors: | Forgó, E.; Howitt, B. E. |
| Article/Chapter Title: | Epithelial Malignant Tumors of the Cervix: Neuroendocrine Tumors |
| Abstract: | Neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix are epithelial neoplasms with morphologic and immunophenotypic evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation. This group of tumors includes low-grade neuroendocrine tumors (grades 1–2) and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (grade 3), the latter of which may be either small cell or large cell type. Overall, neuroendocrine tumors are rare comprising 2% of all invasive cervical neoplasms, the majority of which are small cell carcinomas. In most cases, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 or 18 is identified as an etiologic factor. Treatment for early-stage, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas is radical hysterectomy, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation. The prognosis of low-grade neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix is related to the disease stage. Grade 1 neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix portend the best prognosis. High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas are associated with poor clinical outcome for all stages, with high recurrence rates and a 5-year survival of 15% to 40%. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. |
| Keywords: | chemotherapy; medical imaging; tumors; diagnosis; cell types; medical computing; malignant tumors; low grade; biomedical engineering; neuroendocrine tumors; cell carcinoma; human papilloma virus; high grades; morpho-logics; small cells; tumour grade |
| Book Title: | Atlas of Diagnostic Pathology of the Cervix: a Case-Based Approach |
| ISBN: | 978-303049954-9 |
| Publisher: | Springer |
| Date Published: | 2020-01-01 |
| Start Page: | 229 |
| End Page: | 238 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-3-030-49954-9_10 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Book chapter -- Source: Scopus |
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