Mutant PIK3CA is a targetable driver alteration in histiocytic neoplasms Journal Article
| Authors: | Durham, B. H.; Hershkovitz-Rokah, O.; Abdel-Wahab, O.; Yabe, M.; Chung, Y. R.; Itchaki, G.; Ben-Sasson, M.; Asher-Guz, V. A.; Groshar, D.; Doe-Tetteh, S. A.; Alano, T.; Solit, D. B.; Shpilberg, O.; Diamond, E. L.; Mazor, R. D. |
| Article Title: | Mutant PIK3CA is a targetable driver alteration in histiocytic neoplasms |
| Abstract: | Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid neoplasm characterized by the accumulation of clonal mononuclear phagocyte system cells expressing CD1a and CD207. In the past decade, molecular profiling of LCH as well as other histiocytic neoplasms demonstrated that these diseases are driven by MAPK activating alterations, with somatic BRAFV600E mutations in >50% of patients with LCH, and clinical inhibition of MAPK signaling has demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy. At the same time, activating alterations in kinase-encoding genes, such as PIK3CA, ALK, RET, and CSF1R, which can activate mitogenic pathways independent from the MAPK pathway, have been reported in a subset of histiocytic neoplasms with anecdotal evidence of successful targeted treatment of histiocytoses harboring driver alterations in RET, ALK, and CSF1R. However, evidence supporting the biological consequences of expression of PIK3CA mutations in hematopoietic cells has been lacking, and whether targeted inhibition of PI3K is clinically efficacious in histiocytic neoplasms is unknown. Here, we provide evidence that activating mutations in PIK3CA can drive histiocytic neoplasms in vivo using a conditional knockin mouse expressing mutant PIK3CAH1047R in monocyte/dendritic cell progenitors. In parallel, we demonstrate successful treatment of PIK3CA-mutated, multisystemic LCH using alpelisib, an inhibitor of the alpha catalytic subunit of PI3K. Alpelisib demonstrated a tolerable safety profile at a dose of 750 mg per week and clinical and metabolic complete remission in a patient with PIK3CA-mutated LCH. These data demonstrate PIK3CA as a targetable noncanonical driver of LCH and underscore the importance of mutational analysis–based personalized treatment in histiocytic neoplasms. © 2023 by The American Society of Hematology. |
| Keywords: | adult; clinical article; controlled study; human tissue; treatment response; middle aged; gene mutation; human cell; exon; fatigue; case report; drug safety; nonhuman; side effect; treatment duration; cancer patient; cancer radiotherapy; cancer staging; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; positron emission tomography; follow up; animal cell; mouse; animal tissue; computer assisted tomography; gene expression; dendritic cell; palliative therapy; animal experiment; animal model; gene frequency; in vivo study; histology; carcinogenesis; backache; hyperglycemia; health program; oncogene; headache; monocyte; codon; personal experience; lung biopsy; pik3ca gene; night sweat; lung nodule; nutrition; cervical lymphadenopathy; langerhans cell histiocytosis; ground glass opacity; desmopressin; glycoprotein p 15095; diabetes insipidus; polydipsia; polyuria; high throughput sequencing; mapk signaling; gain of function mutation; human; article; alpelisib; rosa26 gene; gene knock-in; cd11c gene; pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis |
| Journal Title: | Blood Advances |
| Volume: | 7 |
| Issue: | 23 |
| ISSN: | 2473-9529 |
| Publisher: | American Society of Hematology |
| Date Published: | 2023-12-12 |
| Start Page: | 7319 |
| End Page: | 7328 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009349 |
| PUBMED: | 37874915 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC10711187 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | The MSK Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748) is acknowledged in the PDF -- Corresponding author is MSK author: Eli L. Diamond -- Source: Scopus |
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