Virtual surgical planning and three-dimensional models for precision sinonasal and skull base surgery Journal Article


Authors: Fitzgerald, C. W.; Hararah, M.; McLean, T.; Woods, R.; Dogan, S.; Tabar, V.; Ganly, I.; Matros, E.; Cohen, M. A.
Article Title: Virtual surgical planning and three-dimensional models for precision sinonasal and skull base surgery
Abstract: Simple Summary: Sinonasal and skull base malignancies are rare tumors which present adjacent to numerous critical anatomical structures. Despite the increased use of endoscopic techniques, many patients still require open surgery. Treatment with surgery requires careful pre-operative planning. Virtual surgical planning and three-dimensional, patient-specific models offer a range of benefits to clinicians in terms of planning tumor resection and reconstruction. In additional, these technologies improve communication with patients, trainee doctors and other colleagues. In this article, we explore the applications of virtual surgical planning in sinonasal and skull base surgery. Sinonasal and skull base malignancies represent a rare, heterogenous group of pathologies with an incidence of 0.556 per 100,000 persons in the population. Given the numerous critical anatomic structures located adjacent to the sinonasal cavity and skull base, surgery for tumors in this region requires careful pre-operative planning with the assistance of radiological imaging and intraoperative image guidance technologies to reduce the risk of complications. Virtual surgical planning (VSP) and three-dimensional models (3DMs) are adjunctive technologies which assist clinicians to better visualize patient anatomy using enhanced digital radiological images and physical stereolithographic models based on patients' personal imaging. This review summarizes our institutional experience with VSP and 3DMs in sinonasal and skull base surgical oncology. A clinical case series is used to thematically illustrate the application of VSP and 3DMs in surgical ablation, reconstruction, patient communication, medical education, and interdisciplinary teamwork in sinonasal and skull base surgery.
Keywords: communication; professional-patient relations; multidisciplinary care team; surgery, reconstructive; skull neoplasms -- surgery; models, structural; surgery, computer-assisted -- methods; oncology surgery; virtual reality -- utilization; skull base -- pathology; paranasal sinus neoplasms -- surgery
Journal Title: Cancers
Volume: 15
Issue: 20
ISSN: 2072-6694
Publisher: MDPI  
Date Published: 2023-10-02
Start Page: 4989
Language: English
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204989
PROVIDER: EBSCOhost
PROVIDER: cinahl
PMCID: PMC10605567
PUBMED: 37894356
DOI/URL:
Notes: The MSK Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748) is acknowledged in the PDF -- Corresponding author is MSK author: Marc A. Cohen -- Source: Cinahl
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MSK Authors
  1. Viviane S Tabar
    224 Tabar
  2. Evan Matros
    202 Matros
  3. Snjezana Dogan
    187 Dogan
  4. Ian Ganly
    430 Ganly
  5. Marc A Cohen
    130 Cohen
  6. Andrew Timothy Mclean
    9 Mclean
  7. Robbie Seton Rowan Woods
    12 Woods