Rare molecular subtypes of lung cancer Review
| Authors: | Harada, G.; Yang, S. R.; Cocco, E.; Drilon, A. |
| Review Title: | Rare molecular subtypes of lung cancer |
| Abstract: | Oncogenes that occur in ≤5% of non-small-cell lung cancers have been defined as ‘rare’; nonetheless, this frequency can correspond to a substantial number of patients diagnosed annually. Within rare oncogenes, less commonly identified alterations (such as HRAS, NRAS, RIT1, ARAF, RAF1 and MAP2K1 mutations, or ERBB family, LTK and RASGRF1 fusions) can share certain structural or oncogenic features with more commonly recognized alterations (such as KRAS, BRAF, MET and ERBB family mutations, or ALK, RET and ROS1 fusions). Over the past 5 years, a surge in the identification of rare-oncogene-driven lung cancers has challenged the boundaries of traditional clinical grade diagnostic assays and profiling algorithms. In tandem, the number of approved targeted therapies for patients with rare molecular subtypes of lung cancer has risen dramatically. Rational drug design has iteratively improved the quality of small-molecule therapeutic agents and introduced a wave of antibody-based therapeutics, expanding the list of actionable de novo and resistance alterations in lung cancer. Getting additional molecularly tailored therapeutics approved for rare-oncogene-driven lung cancers in a larger range of countries will require ongoing stakeholder cooperation. Patient advocates, health-care agencies, investigators and companies with an interest in diagnostics, therapeutics and real-world evidence have already taken steps to surmount the challenges associated with research into low-frequency drivers. © 2023, Springer Nature Limited. |
| Keywords: | signal transduction; mitogen activated protein kinase; oncoprotein; gene mutation; genetics; mutation; proto-oncogene proteins; clinical feature; review; gene amplification; carcinoma, non-small-cell lung; lung neoplasms; epidermal growth factor receptor; lung cancer; protein tyrosine kinase; histology; carcinogenesis; docetaxel; lung tumor; gene identification; gene fusion; protein-tyrosine kinases; trastuzumab; pertuzumab; non small cell lung cancer; molecularly targeted therapy; copy number variation; molecular targeted therapy; trastuzumab emtansine; crizotinib; vemurafenib; erbb receptors; immune checkpoint inhibitor; dabrafenib; trametinib; humans; human; ceritinib; alectinib; capmatinib; seribantumab; brigatinib; entrectinib; liquid biopsy; lorlatinib; ensartinib; poziotinib; molecular fingerprinting; repotrectinib; trastuzumab deruxtecan; savolitinib; pralsetinib; selpercatinib; mobocertinib; zenocutuzumab; amivantamab; zipalertinib |
| Journal Title: | Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology |
| Volume: | 20 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 1759-4774 |
| Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
| Date Published: | 2023-04-01 |
| Start Page: | 229 |
| End Page: | 249 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41571-023-00733-6 |
| PUBMED: | 36806787 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | The MSK Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748) is acknowledged in the PubMed record and PDF. Corresponding author is MSK authors Emiliano Cocco or Alexander Drilon -- Source: Scopus |
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