| Abstract: |
Intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS) have evolved to become an important component in the management of chronic pain. Substantial costs are incurred with IDDS at the time of surgical implantation, pump or catheter revision, or at the event of any complications, but studies have shown that it decreases overall health utilization and is cost-effective compared to conventional medical management. This chapter compares the costs of IDDS to other interventional procedures based on the 2019 CPT codes and Medicare Physician Payment Schedule payment information and reviews the data on cost-effectiveness of IDDS. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. |
