Comparison of free and total forms of serum human kallikrein 2 and prostate-specific antigen for prediction of locally advanced and recurrent prostate cancer Journal Article
| Authors: | Steuber, T.; Vickers, A. J.; Serio, A. M.; Vaisanen, V.; Haese, A.; Kim, P.; Eastham, J. A.; Scardino, P. T.; Huland, H.; Lilja, H. |
| Article Title: | Comparison of free and total forms of serum human kallikrein 2 and prostate-specific antigen for prediction of locally advanced and recurrent prostate cancer |
| Abstract: | Background: We evaluated the association of total and free forms of serum human kallikrein 2 (hK2) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with prostate cancers of unfavorable prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively measured total PSA (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), and total hK2 (thK2) in preoperative serum samples from 867 men [and assessed free hK2 (fhK2) measured in 577 of these men] treated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. Associations between biomarker concentrations and extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, and biochemical recurrence (BCR) were evaluated. A subset of patients with PSA ≤10 μg/L, the group most commonly seen in clinical practice in the US, was analyzed. Results: thK2 was the strongest predictor of extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion (areas under the ROC curve [AUC], 0.662 and 0.719, respectively), followed by tPSA (AUC, 0.654 and 0.663). All biomarkers were significant predictors of BCR. hK2 forms, but not PSA forms, remained highly significant for predicting BCR in the low-PSA group. Combining tPSA, fPSA, and thK2 in a multivariable model improved prediction compared with any biomarker used individually (AUC, 0.711, 0.755, and 0.752 for this combination predicting extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, and BCR, respectively; P <0.001 for all). Conclusions: Increased concentrations of hK2 in the blood are significantly associated with unfavorable features of prostate cancer, and thK2 is predictive of locally advanced and recurrent cancer in patients with PSA ≤10 μg/L. Independent of tPSA and fPSA, hK2 predicts unfavorable prognosis. © 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry. |
| Keywords: | adult; controlled study; aged; middle aged; unclassified drug; major clinical study; cancer localization; cancer recurrence; advanced cancer; clinical practice; biological marker; prostate specific antigen; neoplasm recurrence, local; protein binding; retrospective study; prediction; risk; prostate cancer; cancer invasion; prostate-specific antigen; prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; kallikrein; predictive value of tests; seminal vesicle; roc curve; tissue kallikreins; enzyme blood level; kallikrein 2 |
| Journal Title: | Clinical Chemistry |
| Volume: | 53 |
| Issue: | 2 |
| ISSN: | 0009-9147 |
| Publisher: | American Association for Clinical Chemistry |
| Date Published: | 2007-02-01 |
| Start Page: | 233 |
| End Page: | 240 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1373/clinchem.2006.074963 |
| PUBMED: | 17185368 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Cited By (since 1996): 19" - "Export Date: 17 November 2011" - "CODEN: CLCHA" - "Source: Scopus" |
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