Human reporter genes: potential use in clinical studies Journal Article
| Authors: | Serganova, I.; Ponomarev, V.; Blasberg, R. |
| Article Title: | Human reporter genes: potential use in clinical studies |
| Abstract: | The clinical application of positron-emission-tomography-based reporter gene imaging will expand over the next several years. The translation of reporter gene imaging technology into clinical applications is the focus of this review, with emphasis on the development and use of human reporter genes. Human reporter genes will play an increasingly more important role in this development, and it is likely that one or more reporter systems (human gene and complimentary radiopharmaceutical) will take leading roles. Three classes of human reporter genes are discussed and compared: receptors, transporters and enzymes. Examples of highly expressed cell membrane receptors include specific membrane somatostatin receptors (hSSTrs). The transporter group includes the sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) and the norepinephrine transporter (hNET). The endogenous enzyme classification includes human mitochondrial thymidine kinase 2 (hTK2). In addition, we also discuss the nonhuman dopamine 2 receptor and two viral reporter genes, the wild-type herpes simplex virus 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) gene and the HSV1-tk mutant (HSV1-sr39tk). Initial applications of reporter gene imaging in patients will be developed within two different clinical disciplines: (a) gene therapy and (b) adoptive cell-based therapies. These studies will benefit from the availability of efficient human reporter systems that can provide critical monitoring information for adenoviral-based, retroviral-based and lenteviral-based gene therapies, oncolytic bacterial and viral therapies, and adoptive cell-based therapies. Translational applications of noninvasive in vivo reporter gene imaging are likely to include: (a) quantitative monitoring of gene therapy vectors for targeting and transduction efficacy in clinical protocols by imaging the location, extent and duration of transgene expression; (b) monitoring of cell trafficking, targeting, replication and activation in adoptive T-cell and stem/progenitor cell therapies; (c) and assessments of endogenous molecular events using different inducible reporter gene imaging systems. © 2007. |
| Keywords: | review; nonhuman; positron emission tomography; radiopharmaceuticals; t lymphocyte; gene targeting; gene expression; green fluorescent protein; stem cell transplantation; tumor xenograft; molecular imaging; wild type; radioactive iodine; drug uptake; image enhancement; image quality; radioactivity; lentivirus vector; retrovirus vector; (3 iodobenzyl)guanidine; noradrenalin transporter; reporter gene; adoptive transfer; fialuridine; thymidine kinase; genes, reporter; adenovirus vector; tracer; single photon emission computer tomography; pet; thymidine kinase 1; molecular probe techniques; herpes simplex virus 1; scid mouse; pentetreotide in 111; tomography, emission-computed; somatostatin receptor; 5 ethyl 2' fluorouracil arabinoside; spect; sodium iodide symporter; viral gene therapy; scintillation camera; pertechnetic acid tc 99m; depreotide tc 99m; dopamine 2 receptor; [124i]fiau; [124i]mibg; gamma camera; human reporter genes |
| Journal Title: | Nuclear Medicine and Biology |
| Volume: | 34 |
| Issue: | 7 |
| ISSN: | 0969-8051 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Science Inc. |
| Date Published: | 2007-10-01 |
| Start Page: | 791 |
| End Page: | 807 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.05.009 |
| PUBMED: | 17921031 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Cited By (since 1996): 40" - "Export Date: 17 November 2011" - "CODEN: NMBIE" - "Source: Scopus" |
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